Question

A student reads a measuring cylinder from above the liquid level, causing the reading to be higher than the actual value. What type of error is this?

Options

• Instrumental error only

• Error due to imperfect experimental technique only

• Personal (observer) error due to parallax

• Random error due to fluctuation

Answer 1

Personal (observer) error due to parallax

Explanation:

Viewing the scale from an angle instead of at eye level with the meniscus is a parallax error introduced by the observer, so it is a systematic personal error.