Question

______ is an interspecific association in which all species involved benefit.

Options

• commensalism

• mutualism

• competition

• parasitism

Answer 1

Mutualism is an interspecific association in which all species involved benefit.

Explanation:

This relationship is often symbiotic, where organisms live together in close physical association, which is essential for their survival. Examples include lichens, mycorrhiza, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria with plants. Both partners gain advantages such as nutrients, protection, or other benefits, making this a mutually beneficial interaction.