Selina solutions for कन्साइस बायोलॉजी [इंग्रजी] इयत्ता १० आयसीएसई chapter 16 - Pollution: A Rising Environmental Problem [Latest edition]

Pollution and pollutant are one and the same thing.

Rubber tyres of motor vehicles contribute to particulate pollution.

The chief gaseous air pollutants are CO₂ and SO₂.

Kitchen garbage and leftovers in food dishes can be used for making manure (compost).

Brick kilns give out both gaseous and particulate pollutants.

Name any four ways to control vehicular air pollution.

Name any two small scale industries that can be the source of particulate air pollution.

Give two examples of gaseous air pollutants.

Liquid kitchen waste alone constitutes the sewage.

Household detergents are safe and non-contributors to water pollution.

Industrial wastes mainly consist of chemical pollutants.

Thermal power plants give out a lot of hot waste water.

Hot water discharged into water bodies hardly affects the fish and other aquatic life.

Soil pollution is largely localised.

Flyash and metallic ash are examples of urban domestic waste.

Chemical fertilisers may reach the rivers but do not harm the fish.

Biomedical waste may consist of both biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.

X-rays are a potential source of radiation pollution.

Unwanted disturbing sound, even if it is music next door, is noise.

People routinely working in noisy places are not much affected by noise.

Diseases like cholera and jaundice are the results of soil pollution.

CO₂ and methane are directly contributing to global warming.

Erosion of ancient monuments and statues is caused by acid rain which itself is the result of gaseous pollution.

Use of unleaded petrol and compressed Natural Gas (CNG) in automobiles is one of the methods of abatement of gaseous and particulate air pollution.

Which of the following is an example of a green house gas?

The prime source of chlorofluorocarbons is ______.

Which of the following gas can cause acid rain?

Which of the following is responsible for causing the ozone hole?

Which of the following is non-biodegradable?

One of the best solutions to get rid of non-biodegradable wastes is ______.

An undesirable change in the environment is called as ______.

The greenhouse effect leads to ______.

The energy content of X-rays is usually measured in ______.

Which of the following is a radioactive pollutant?

Assertion (A): Pesticides are the chemical substances used in agriculture to destroy pests.

Reason (R): DDT is an example of a pesticide which was once widely used all over India. Pests are the enemies of crop.

1. A is True and R is False.
2. A is False and R is True.
3. Both A and R are True.
4. Both A and R are False.

Assertion (A): Ozone layer is a sort of sunscreen present high up in the atmosphere which prevents the harmful ultra-violet rays of the sun from harming us.

Reason (R): Ozone is an allotropic form of carbon which is formed in the atmosphere due to the release of chloroflurocarbons.

1. A is True and R is False.
2. A is False and R is True.
3. Both A and R are True.
4. Both A and R are False.

Assertion (A): The greenhouse effect is exacerbated by the presence of nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides in the atmosphere, intensifying the absorption of heat and contributing to global warming.

Reason (R): Oxides of nitrogen and sulphur, primarily released through industrial activities and combustion processes, amplify the greenhouse effect by enhancing the heat-trapping capacities of the atmosphere, leading to an increase in the average global temperatures.

1. A is True and R is False.
2. A is False and R is True.
3. Both A and R are True.
4. Both A and R are False.

Name the following pollutant:

A pollutant which is mainly responsible for causing acid rain.

Name the following pollutants:

Any two chemicals leading to the formation of ozone holes.

Match the items in column I with the closely related ones in column II.

Rubber particles and dust raised by running motor vehicles are examples of ______ pollutants.

Too frequent exposure to ______ in a medical diagnostic technique may damage chromosomes.

Thermal power plants give out a lot of ______ waste water.

Sewage is a liquid waste from ______.

Write the full form of DDT.

Write the full form of ODF.

Write the full form of CFCs.

Write the full form of CNG.

Write the full form of LPG.

Give two examples of Biodegradable wastes.

Give two examples of Non-biodegradable wastes.

Give two examples of Particulate pollutants.

Give two examples of Greenhouse gases.

Give two examples of Radioactive pollutants.

List two major harmful effects of the following:

Rivers contaminated with sewage.

List two major harmful effects of the following:

Too much gaseous exhausts containing CO₂ and SO₂. 

List two major harmful effects of the following:

Pesticides such as DDT used in agriculture.

List two major harmful effects of the following:

Prolonged noise such as the one produced by crackers.

List the three major constituents of sewage.

What are the common sources of oil spills?

How do oil spills affect sea life?

Mention any two measures to minimise noise pollution.

Briefly mention about 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan'.

When was 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan' launched?

Write any two objectives of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

Define the following term:

Pollution

Define the following term:

Waste

Define the following term:

Air pollution

Define the following term:

Oil spills

Define the following term:

Pesticides

Define the following term:

Sanitary landfills

Define the following term:

Noise

Distinguish between the following pair:

Sewage and effluents.

Distinguish between the following pair:

Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable waste.

Distinguish between the following pair:

Smoke and smog.

A lot of fish are dying near a sea shore. Describe any two possible causes.

Look at a cartoonist's presentation of a kind of pollution given below.

1. Name the kind of pollution.
2. List the sources of pollution.
3. Mention any two harmful effects of this pollution.

The following picture depicts a certain phenomenon

1. Name the phenomenon and explain it.
2. Enlist the sources that are responsible for the above mentioned phenomenon.
3. List out the effects of the above phenomenon on humans.

The picture below shows a campaign recently started by the Indian Government.

1. When was this campaign launched?
2. Mention the chief objectives of this campaign.

The figure given below shows a kind of pollution. Study the figure and answer the following questions.

1. Define the kind of pollution shown here.
2. Name two types of the kind of pollution shown here.
3. Write two main sources of above mentioned pollution with one example each.
4. Write two points to control the given pollution.

Study the figure shown here and answer the following questions.

1. Identify the kind of pollution and define it.
2. Mention four main sources of the pollution.
3. Write two harmful effects the above-mentioned pollution for the living organisms.

Study the pictures given below of the two main categories of wastes and answer the questions:

1. Identify the categories of wastes in (A) and (B).
2. Which of the above category of wastes can be used to prepare compost?
3. Mention one control measure to manage the waste of category (B).

Pollution is on the rise due to a rapid increase in the number of automobiles and buildings. All of these release a large amount of harmful gases and particulate pollutants in the atmosphere which react with atmospheric moisture and produce various kinds of acidic gases.

1. Mention two main gases which are emitted from the industries into the atmosphere.
2. What are the two main acids produced in the atmosphere when poisonous gases combine with the atmospheric moisture?
3. Write two harmful effects of acid rain.