(English Medium) ICSE Class 10 - CISCE Question Bank Solutions

What is a pulley?

Draw the diagram of a single movable pulley and obtain its mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency.

Draw a diagram of a single fixed pulley and obtain expressions for its:
(i) Mechanical advantage,
(ii) Velocity ratio, and
(iii) Efficiency, in the ideal case.

The pulley system shown in the figure is to be used to lift a load W. If the man applying the effort cannot apply a force exceeding 1000 N, what is the maximum load that can be lifted?
The actual load that the man is finally able to lift turns out to be 2700 N. What are the values of the actual M.A., obtained, and the efficiency of the actual set-up?

The alongside figure shows the combination of a movable pulley P₁ with a fixed pulley P₂ used for lifting up a load W.

(i) State the function of the fixed pulley P₂.
(ii) If the free end of the string moves through a distance x, find the distance by which the load W is raised.
(iii) Calculate the force to be applied at C to just raise the load W = 20 kgf, neglecting the weight of the pulley P₁ and friction.

Draw a diagram showing a block and tackle system of 4 pulleys.

(i) State, how many strands of tackle support the load?
(ii) Draw arrows to represent tension in each strand.
(iii) Find the mechanical advantage of the system, stating the assumptions made.
(iv) If the load is pulled up by a distance 1m, how much does the effort end move?

A block and tackle system of pulleys has a velocity ratio of 4.

1. Draw a labelled diagram of the system indicating clearly the points of application and directions of load and effort.
2. What is the value of the mechanical advantage of the given pulley system if it is an ideal pulley system?

Diagram given below shows an arrangement of four pulleys. A load L is attached to the movable lower block and effort E is applied at the free end of the string.
Copy the diagram; and

(i) Draw arrows to indicate tension in each part of the string; and
(ii) Calculate the mechanical advantage of the system.

In a single movable pulley system, a load of 125 kgf is lifted by an effort of 75 kgf. Find the percentage efficiency of system.

A man raises a load of 360 kgf using a block and tackle system of 3 pulleys. If the efficiency of the pulley system is 60%, what effort is applied by the man?

If the weight of the movable pulley is W, obtain the expression for MA, VR, and efficiency.

A pulley system has a velocity ratio of 4 and an efficiency of 90%. Calculate:
(i) the mechanical advantage of the system.
(ii) the effort required to raise a load of 300 N by the system.

A ‘block and tackle’ system used 3 pulleys in the lower block and 4 pulleys in the upper block. What is the ‘velocity ratio’ of this system? If the load is to be lifted by a person capable of applying a maximum effort of 1000 N, what is the maximum load than can be lifted under ideal conditions?
The actual maximum load that gets lifted turns out to be 6300 N. What are the values of the actual M.A. and efficiency of the set-up?

A boy lifts a load of 40 kgf through a vertical height of 2m in 5s by using a single fixed pulley when he applies an effort of 48 kgf. Calculate:
(i) the mechanical advantage, and
(ii) the efficiency of the pulley. Why is the efficiency of the pulley is not 100%?
(iii) the energy gained by the load in 5s, and
(iv) the power developed by the boy in raising the load.

What is meant by the refraction of light?

Name the phenomenon responsible in the following case:

Apparent bending of a stick in water

Name the phenomenon responsible in the following case:

Twinkling of stars

Why do the faces of persons sitting around campfire appear to shimmer?

Why does a fisherman aim at the tail of fish during spearfishing?

Why upper surface of water contained in a beaker and above eye level appears silvery?