Business Studies Board Sample Paper 2025-2026 Commerce (English Medium) Class 12 Question Paper Solution

The project managers in an organisation set targets for the upcoming months and outline strategies to achieve them. At the same time, they assign specific roles and responsibilities to their team members. They motivate them to meet the deadline by celebrating their achievements and taking their feedback. Thus, various functions are simultaneously performed by all managers all the time. Name the characteristic of Management discussed above.

Management is a dynamic function

Management is a continuous process

Management is an intangible force

Management is goal oriented

Henri Fayol’s principle of discipline, which emphasizes obedience to organisational rules and employment agreements, evolved out of the experience and collective wisdom of managers. The nature of the principle of management reflected through the above statement is ______.

Universal applicability

Flexible

Mainly behavioral

Formed by practice and experimentation

ASSERTION (A): Maslow’s need hierarchy theory of motivation is widely recognised and appreciated yet criticised.

REASON (R): Even though Maslow’s theory focuses on needs as a basis of motivation and helps to develop understanding about the motivation phenomenon, his propositions are questioned on their classification and hierarchy.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Statement - I Values are basic truths or guidelines for behaviour which are formed after research in work situations.

Statement - II While practising Principles of Management, values cannot be neglected as business organisations have to fulfill social and ethical responsibility towards society.

In the light of the given statements, choose the correct alternative from the following:

Both the statements are true.

Both the statements are false.

Statement I is true; Statement II is false.

Statement II is true; Statement I is false.

Manu Priya is working as the Human Resource Manager of EDT Limited at an annual salary of ₹ 8 lakh per annum and is also offered shares of the company at a set price, which is lower than the market price. The method being used to calculate the compensation provided to her is ______.

Time-based direct financial payment

Indirect financial payment

Time-based Pay Plus incentives

Performance-based direct financial payment

Out of the following, which is/are the component(s) of the social environment?

1. Rate of inflation has increased by 2%, leading to a higher total cost for business enterprises.
2. Various specialty health food and grocery shops have opened in an area where fitness and health enthusiasts live.
3. Life expectancy rate in India has improved over the past 20 years due to adequate health facilities and infrastructure.
4. A company in its human resource manual discloses a zero-tolerance policy for racial discrimination and discriminatory practices against employees with disability.
5. The Advertising Standards Council of India prohibits advertisements that promote products or services that are banned by law.

Choose the correct option:

only 2

1, 2, 3

2, 4, 5

2, 3, 4

Name the element of the marketing mix which includes deciding about the features, quality, packaging, labelling and branding of goods or services or ‘anything of value’ which is offered to the market for sale.

promotion

place

product

price

Choose the correct statement about the controlling function of management.

No corrective action is required when the deviation goes beyond the acceptable range in important areas.

Deviations should be analysed for their causes.

Measurement of actual performance should be done only after the task is complete.

Managers must keep a check on each and every activity, otherwise the entire organisation may suffer.

Look at the picture given below and answer the question that follows:

Identify the incorrect statement about the type of source of recruitment depicted above.

Management can attract qualified people to apply for vacant positions in the organisation.

It may lead to dissatisfaction and frustration among existing employees.

Such employees are not likely to be good employees, as their background is not sufficiently known.

Management has a wider choice while selecting people for employment.

Arrange the following elements of the communication process in the correct sequence:

1. Media
2. Message
3. Sender
4. Decoding
5. Receiver
6. Feedback
7. Encoding

Choose the correct option:

iii, i, vii, ii, v, iv, vi

iii, ii, vii, i, iv, v, vi

ii, iii, vii, vi, iv, v, i

ii, i, vii, iii, v, iv, vi

Choose the correct statement about the meaning of depository.

Depository holds and transfers securities in the Demat Form.

Depository serves as an intermediary and buys and sells securities on the instructions of clients.

Depository is like a bank and keeps securities in electronic form on behalf of investors.

Depository buys securities from a company and sells them to the public at a higher price.

A product will be purchased only if it is perceived to be giving the greatest benefit for the money.

Name the feature of marketing reflected in this statement.

Creating a market offering

Customer value

Exchange mechanism

Needs and wants

Match the concepts of management given in column I with their meaning given in column II.

Choose the correct option from the following:

A iv, B iii, C ii, D i

A ii, B iii, C iv, D ii

A iv, B iii, C i, D ii

A iii, B iv, C i, D ii

Mr. Gun Amroha, the General Manager of Welworth Textiles, scans the business environment and adapts the organisation to the changes taking place in different dimensions of the business environment. However, it is still difficult for him to accurately assess the future trends. Identify the limitation of planning related to the above.

Planning leads to rigidity.

Planning may not work in a dynamic environment.

Planning does not guarantee success.

Planning reduces creativity.

Name the step in the staffing process which enables the organizations to offer opportunities for career advancement to their employees by facilitating learning, thereby helping the organisations to not only attract but also retain its talented people in the organisation.

Placement and Orientation

Recruitment

Training and Development

Performance Appraisal

‘Game of Clones’, a reputed amusement company, has decided to run an advertising campaign for which it is hiring various celebrities. The campaign involves an expenditure of ₹ 150 Crores. Identify the financial decision involved in the above case.

Long-term investment decision

Financing decision

Working capital decision

Dividend decision

Arth Nivesh Limited has a high fixed operating cost. The Finance Manager informs the Chief Finance Officer that, in case the company decides to take a loan for its future financial needs, its fixed financial cost will also increase, leading to an overall increase in cost. Identify the factor affecting the choice of capital structure discussed above.

Cost of debt

Floatation cost

Risk consideration

Control

The Finance Manager of Elle Pharma Limited, Mr. Ashish Manjrekar, wants to raise funds through debt or equity to the extent of ₹ 2 crores. For this purpose, he approaches a well-regulated financial market that facilitates the mobilisation of long-term capital for companies. Identify the market where Mr. Ashish Manjrekar can raise the funds.

Money market

Secondary market

Capital market

Wholesale debt market

‘Companies are required to ensure that the dividend does not violate the terms of loan agreement.’ Identify the relevant factor affecting dividend decisions being discussed above.

Access to capital market

Legal constraints

Stock market reaction

Contractual constraints

Statement I: The objective of financial management is to maximize the wealth of directors of the company.

Statement II: The financing decision of the company is unaffected by the extent of retained earnings.

In the light of the given statements, choose the correct alternative from the following:

Both the statements are true.

Both the statements are false.

Statement I is true; Statement II is false.

Statement II is true; Statement I is false.

State any three points of significance of decentralisation.

State any three limitations of formal organisation.

1. Identify and state the marketing management philosophy being followed by Anabel Creations.
2. Name and state any two other philosophies of marketing apart from the one identified in part a.

Differentiate between the money market and the capital market.

State the protective functions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India.

Identify the level at which the necessary workforce was appointed for implementing and controlling the plans and strategies made by Muralidhar Parekh. What will they need to do to carry out this main task? State any two points.

Explain the following function of marketing:

Customer support services 

Explain the following functions of marketing:

Packaging and labelling

Explain two features of the following:

Personal selling

Explain two features of the following:

Advertising

Why is planning regarded as a pervasive function?

Explain the following as a feature of the planning function of management:

Planning is futuristic.

Explain the following type of plan:

Strategy

Explain the following type of plan:

Procedure

1. In the context of the above case, identify and explain the feature of the business environment highlighted above.
2. Explain any two features of the business environment, apart from the one identified in part a.

‘A good control system helps the organisation in various ways.’ State any four points to support the statement.

The Factory Manager of Manik Steel Plant, Mussadi Lal, was in a dilemma over workers shirking work. It was becoming difficult for him to identify the workers who sometimes faked illness to skip work and, at various other times, intentionally wasted time, which led to underutilisation of resources. The job of the workers was complex and intricate. He discussed the problem with one of his retired friends, Kantilal, who suggested him to appoint eight supervisors who would be specialists in their own fields and would be assigned work according to his/her qualities. Identify and explain the technique of scientific management discussed above.

PP Motors is a reputed automobile company known for manufacturing high-performance four-wheelers. The company plans to hire eight new engineers. Akhilesh Banerjee, the Human Resource Manager has eliminated unfit job seekers based on the information supplied in the application forms, conducted various tests and interviews and verified the information of the applicants.

Identify and explain the remaining steps that Mr. Banerjee must undertake in order to ensure that the organisation gets the best among the available from the pool of prospective job candidates.

1. State the concept of Financial Management discussed above.
2. Briefly explain the factors highlighted above that will affect the requirement of the concept identified in part a.

1. Identify and explain the element involved in one of the functions of management discussed in the above case.
2. State any four features of the element identified in part a.

1. Identify the types of the framework within which managerial and operating tasks are performed in the organisations, of which Malini and Shalini were a part of.
2. Give any four differences between the frameworks identified above.

State any six reliefs available to a consumer under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.

State the rights available under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 for the protection and promotion of the interests of consumers.