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प्रश्न
How is Hardy-Weinberg’s expression “(p2 + 2pq + q2) = 1” derived?
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उत्तर
Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1. Let there be two alleles A and a in a population. The frequencies of alleles A and a are ‘p’ and ‘q’ respectively.
The frequency of AA individuals in a population is p2 and it can be explained that the probability that an allele A with a frequency of p would appear on both the chromosomes of a diploid individual is simply the product of the probabilities, i.e., p2.
Similarly, the frequency of aa is q2 and that of Aa is 2pq.
(p2 + 2pq + q2) = 1 where p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype, 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype and q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous recessive.
संबंधित प्रश्न
What does the following equation represent? Explain:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.
With the help of an algebraic equation, how did Hardy-Weinberg explain that in a given population the frequency of occurrence of alleles of a gene is supposed to remain the same through generations?
What is the Founder's effect?
In a population, Hardy Weinberg equilibrium is disturbed by following factors EXCEPT ______.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation, the homozygous mutant is represented as ______.
“Migration may enhance or blurr the effects of selection”. Comment.
The graphs below show three types of natural selection. The shaded areas marked with arrows show the individuals in the population who are not selected. The dotted vertical lines show the statistical means.
 |
 |
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| character Graph A |
character Graph B |
character Graph C |
- What names are given to the types of selection shown in graphs A, B and C?
- After the selection has operated for several generations in the above populations indicated as, Graph A, B and C, graphically illustrate the probable results.
A population of 200 fruit flies is in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. The frequency of the allele (a) 0.4. Calculate the following:
Frequency of the allele (A).
A population of 200 fruit flies is in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. The frequency of the allele (a) 0.4. Calculate the following:
The number of homozygous dominant fruit flies.
Which one of the following factors will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
