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प्रश्न
Group related points.
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उत्तर
1) Energy stored in coal and petroleum came from sun
- bulk of present-day supplies laid down some 200-600 million years ago
2) abundance of microscopic forms of life in tropical conditions
-Dead organisms
-Tissues recycled through scavenging and decay
3) Total decomposition of considerable dead plants and animals prevented by being covered with mud
4) Formation of rocks as the sediments hardened
5) Coal, petroleum produced by compression of matter between rocks
6) Present times, unsuitable for coal formation
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer the following question in 120 – 150 words:
How do you perceive Dr. Kemp based on his interaction with Griffin ? (The Invisible Man)
Tick the item that is closest in meaning to the following phrase.
to be wound up
How does the horse serve as a true friend and companion to Iona?
This short story revolves around a single important event. Discuss how the narrative is woven around this central fact.
'Luck is necessary for success in life'.
Make a list of the expressions that imbue the watch with human attributes.
'Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world'.
How do the words in bold, in the lines below, illustrate the poet’s ability to convey criticism cryptically?
Our meddling intellect
Misshapes the beauteous forms of things:
We murder to dissect.
List the distinctive features of the tribal arts.
Love is presented as the subject or the doer of actions in the poem. Why do you think the poet has used this form rather than involving human agents?
Discuss in pairs
Ruskin's insistence on looking intensely at words, and assuring oneself of meaning, syllable by syllable – nay, letter by letter.
Discuss in pairs or in small groups
'Our daily life reflects a double allegiance to 'the life in time' and 'the life by values'.
Comment on the physical features of the hawk highlighted in the poem and their significance.
Identify the words that help you understand the nature of the poet's father.
Guess the types of hardships they must have faced in their childhood and youth.
Make a list of the preparations made for an assault on Tiger Hill.
Individual guns ___________.
Little creatures in nature can also be your teachers. Think and write what we can learn from the following.
Bees:
Given below are some words from legal terminology used in court affairs. Discuss and complete the table accordingly.
| Sr. No | Legal Terminology | Description |
| 1. | Affidavit | A written statement confirmed by oath or affirmation for use as evidence in court. |
| 2. | Argument | |
| 3. | Consent | |
| 4. | Counsel | |
| 5. | Judgement | |
| 6. | Trial | |
| 7. | Verdict | |
| 8. | Contempt of Court | |
| 9. | Notice | |
| 10. | Stay order |
Where do we find all types of wild animals in urban areas?
Out of all names of birds and animals given in the poem, pick out 4 names that are similar in English as well as in Hindi/Marathi or your Mother's tongue.
Think deeply and write. Is the poet really discouraging the youth from becoming vets? Explain your response.
Discuss in your class.
Name some gadgets and appliances that we use in day-to-day life?
Read 'The City Planners' by Margaret Atwood.
Use the following word/phrase to make a sentence of your own.
enthusiasm
Enact the advertisement:
Seven children wait in different places, striking a suitable pose as shown in the ad. The character ‘Krispy Krunchy’ comes in dancing. He goes near every child, singing the words shown in the ad. He offers a Krispy Krunchy piece to every child.
The child eats it and begins to smile and clap. At the end, the character faces the class, shows a big pack of Krispy Krunchy, and presents the last few lines.
Write any three of the silly remarks made by the characters other than Alice. Write why you think the remark is silly.
Find pairs of rhyming words from the poem.
Write the following:
The sights mentioned in the third stanza.
Where does the brook join the river?
Did Gopal Bhand have a field?
Find out how the following game is played.
Kho-Kho
List and say whether the following statement agrees with the passage or not.
If you don’t understand something, don’t let the others know about it.
Form groups of four or five.
Try to find the answers to the following questions through observation and by talking to your teachers, parents and others. Discuss your answers in the group.
- How is waste generated?
- How is it removed or cleared?
- How can we help in the task of clearing or removing garbage?
Why did he spill the milk?
Guess the meaning of the following word.
finely
The second human being that Miranda saw on the island was __________________.
Why had Prospero raised a violent storm in the sea?
What conclusions did grandfather jump to when he saw the cops?
“Was it just the wind?”– What do you think Usha thought it was? Why?
Why does the poet tell us to speak gently to young children?
Let no ______ tone be______.
- soft
- vain
- fear
- joy
- love
- heard
- toiled
- mild
- good
- sand
- life
- harsh
We don’t use _________ in the soil.
Nauranang is in Himachal Pradesh.
What kind of a boy was Vicky?
What does Megalai do with elders?
Look at the picture and Choose the correct word.
Where did the bird catcher sit?
What will you do if someone ensnares birds?
Some words sound the same but their spelling and meaning are different. Such words are called homophones. There are many homophones.
Read the advertisement and answer the question given below.
When does the offer end?
Where did Kani see the old cracked cup?
Moles bite and ______ the earth worms.
Many may lie and______.
Nithin had many ______toys.
Mugund did not cut the raw wood.
Why was Chris worried?
Who are already awake?
How did Miss Sullivan help Helen?
Now, read the following biographical extract on Sujatha Rangarajan, a Sciencefiction writer, and answer the questions that follow.
- Sujatha is the allonym of the Tamil author S. Rangarajan and it is this name that is recognised at once by the Tamil SciFi reading community. You might have seen the Tamil movie ‘Endiran’ where the robot Chitti exhibits extraordinary talents in an incredible manner. The robot could excel a human being in any act, beyond one’s imagination. Jeeno, a robotic dog which appeared in Sujatha’s science fiction novel “En Iniya Iyandhira” (My Dear Robot) formed the basis of Chitti’s character. Like Chitti, Jeeno was an allrounder who could cook, clean and fight. High-tech computer technology terms are used in the story. Jeeno, a pet robot, plays an important role throughout the story. As the story proceeds, it behaves and starts to think on its own like a human and instructs Nila, a human being, on how to proceed further in her crises.
- In the preface of ‘En Iniya Iyandhira’, the writer states the reason for his attraction to the genre: “Science gives us the wonderful freedom to analyse thousands and thousands of alternative possibilities. While using it, and while playing with its new games, a writer needs to be cautious only about one thing. The story should draw some parallels or association from the emotions and desires of the present humankind. Only then it becomes interesting. Jeeno, the robot dog, was intelligent. But the character became popular only because of the robot’s frequently displayed human tendencies.” It is no wonder that all his works echo these words and will remain etched in the minds of the readers who enjoy reading his novels to have a wonderful lifetime experience.
- It was Sujatha, who set the trend for sci-fi stories. He had tracked the origin from Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein to his short stories. He has written 50 sci-fi short stories and these were published in various Tamil magazines. His stories have inspired many readers to extend their reading to English sci-fi writers like Isaac Asimov. The themes were bold, even if there was a dependence on a very well-established characterization of English fiction. Sujatha opened up a new world to us with his writings on holograms, computers and works like ‘En Iniya Iyanthira’ inspire many to study computer science.
- He has been one of the greatest writers for more than four decades. He combined reasoning and science in his writings. Being a multifaceted hi-fi and sci-fi humanistic author, he expressed his views distinctively. He was the one who took Tamil novels to the next level. As an MIT alumnus and an engineer at BHEL, he was very good at technology. He could narrate sci-fi stories impressively. His readers always enjoyed reading all his detective and sci-fi novels which featured the most famous duo ‘Ganesh’ and ‘Vasanth’.
- Sujatha has played a crucial role as a playwright for various Tamil movies which have fascinated movie lovers. Hence, it is fathomable that the writer’s perspective of future India enthuses every reader and paves a new way to reading sci-fi stories in English.
A. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.
- How was Jeeno different from other robots?
- What precaution should one take while writing Science fiction stories?
- What inspired Sujatha’s themes?
- Why were Sujatha’s sci-fi stories impressive?
B. Find words from the passage which mean the same as the following.
- difficult to believe (para 1)
- a style or category of art, music or literature (para 2)
- having many sides (para 4)
- capable of being understood (para 5)
Read the passage given below:
| 1. | Very often, we do not take the first step towards a good cause because we say to ourselves, "The task is so big. What can I do alone?" So nothing gets done. There is much talk about environmental protection, air pollution and saving our forests. Do we really care? If we do, here are a few things we can do to make our surroundings more pleasant. |
| 2. | It is good to adopt a two-uses-attitude! By putting an article to a second use, we are giving it a longer lease of life and using up less raw material from nature. One of the worst things we do is abuse of paper. The clean sides of envelopes can be used to write small notes, lists and reminders around the house. The more paper we use, the more trees will have to be cut down. For the same reason, we should avoid the use of paper napkins or paper plates. Cloth napkins are just as good, for they can be washed and used over and over again. |
| 3. | Another area which needs the most urgent attention is effective garbage disposal. People who are conscious about it follow rules and laws strictly. As a result, their neighbourhoods are clean and beautiful Similarly, each one of us can contribute to a cleaner environment. All kitchen waste should be collected separately. Those of you who have green fingers can turn this into valuable manure. Dig a pit and put the kitchen waste into it. When the pit is a little over half full, cover it up with mud. Let nature do the rest. Within three or six months, we will have a good garden manure. It can also be done as a community project by digging a large pit in the colony. Do take help of all the members, for nothing succeeds like co-operation |
| 4. | A lot of people don't care about the environment because they don't understand the adverse effect that society has on it. It is important to convince people to care about the environment. The first step would be to convince people to change by providing simple alternative solutions and ways of doing things. Theintemet is a powerful tool and a group on social media of like-minded people can be formed. People can share environmental stories and issues, as well as pool in solutions and alternatives to educate one another. With the current state that our planet is in, it is imperative that people actively care about the environment and most importantly to act now. |
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer any Eight questions from the nine given below:
- Why don't we take the first step towards a good cause?
- What is a two-uses-attitude?
- What can we do to avoid the abuse of paper? (any two points)
- What is the result of an effective way of a garbage disposal?
- What procedure can one adopt for kitchen waste?
- How can making of garden manure be done as community project?
- How long does it take to make good garden manure?
- Select a suitable word from the passage which means - being concerned or interested. (Paragraph 3)
- Pick out the word from the passage which means - completely necessary? (Paragraph 4)
