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प्रश्न
Find out the role of microbes in the following:
Soil
Find out the role of microbes in the following and discuss it with your teacher.
Soil
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उत्तर १
Microbes are highly useful in maintaining and restoring soil fertility. Soil fertility is determined by its chemical structure and the number and quality of beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, we add biologically derived elements to improve and maintain fertility when the soil's composition is inadequate and fertility is low. These materials are classified into two basic categories: waste and biofertilisers. We classify wastes into three types: farmyard waste, compost, and green waste. Farmyard waste is the oldest dung known to human beings, consisting of farm animal excrement and plant remains, among other things, that are allowed to partially decompose with the help of soil micro-organisms. These microbes degrade complex organic waste into a dark, amorphous substance known as sludge, which plants can easily consume. Fertiliser dissolves in the soil, improves aeration, and makes it grow better. Biofertilizers are micro-organisms that restore soil nutrients while maximising ecological advantages and reducing environmental dangers.
उत्तर २
Microbes in soil breakdown organic substances, increasing its fertility. Rhizobium bacteria symbiotically occupy nodules on the roots of leguminous plants, converting atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms that the plant can use as a nutrient. Free-living bacteria in soil, such as Azospirillum and Azotobacter, fix atmospheric nitrogen, increasing soil nitrogen levels.
Notes
Students should refer to the answer according to the question.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Microbes can be used to decrease the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Explain how this can be accomplished.
How do biofertilisers enrich the fertility of the soil?
What is a heterocyst?
Give the meaning of the Nif gene.
How does the application of the fungal genus, Glomus, to the agricultural farm increase the farm output?
Explain the interrelationship between organic farming and biofertilizers, with the help of any three suitable examples.
How does the activity of each one of the following help in organic farming?
Cyanobacteria
Which one of the following is a free-living bacterial biofertilizer?
Name any two bacterial biofertilizers.
Define estuary.
______ associated with plants like Azolla and Cycas can be used as a biofertilizers.
State any three benefits of mycorrhiza.
Match the Column I (Organisms) with the Column II (Products they produce) and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Lactobacillus | p. | Cheese |
| ii. | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | q. | Curd |
| iii. | Aspergillus niger | r. | Citric Acid |
| iv | Acetobacter aceti | s. | Bread |
| t. | Acetic Acid |
By application of ____________ yield of paddy field can be increased.
Which of the following is/are symbiotic nitrogen fixing microbe?
In plant breeding, biofortification is a method ____________.
The biological agent which is used to kill or check proliferation of disease causing agents is called ____________.
VAM is a type of ______
Which of the following symbiotic microorganisms is nitrogen-fixing?
Which one of the following is not a biofertilizer?
Some blue-green algae are used as bio fertilisers of their ______.
Which one of the following is NOT a nitrogen-fixing organism?
Glomus is a ______.
How do mycorrhizal fungi help the plants harbouring them?
Match the pairs:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| (i) | Compost making biofertilizer |
(a) | Azotobacter |
| (ii) | N2 fixing biofertilizer | (b) | Mycorrhiza |
| (iii) | Fungal biofertilizer | (c) | Agrobacterium |
| (iv) | Phosphate solubilizing biofertilizer |
(d) | Actinobocteria |
Azolla is used as biofertiliser because it ______.
- Give an example of a genus of fungi that forms mycorhizal association with plants.
- How does the plant derive benefits from this association?
Name the microorganisms involved in the production of Roquefort cheese, Camembert cheese and Swiss cheese.
