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प्रश्न
Describe some of the policies designed to address caste inequality.
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उत्तर
At the state level, there are special programs for scheduled tribes and scheduled castes.
Because of massive discrimination practiced against them, special provisions have been made for them.
The OBCs have also been added to these special provisions.
The laws passed to end, prohibit and punish caste discrimination, especially untouchability are :-
- Caste Disabilities Removal Act of 1850, disallowed the curtailment of rights of citizens due solely to change of religion or caste. It allowed entry of Dalit to government schools.
- Constitution Amendment (93rd Amendment) Act of 2005, for introducing reservation for OBCs in institutions of higher education.
- Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989, to abolish untouchability (Article 17) and introduced reservation provisions.
- 1989 Prevention of Atrocities Act revised and strengthened the legal provisions against Dalits and Adivasis.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What are the major issues of concern to Adivasis today?
People do not face discrimination and exclusion on the basis of:
Caste system can be understood as the combination of two sets of principles:
| Strictly speaking, the ‘untouchable’ castes are outside the caste hierarchy – they are considered to be so ‘impure’ that their mere touch severely pollutes members of all other castes, bringing terrible punishment for the former and forcing the latter to perform elaborate purification rituals. In fact, notions of ‘distance pollution’ existed in many regions of India (particularly in the south) such that even the mere presence or the shadow of an ‘untouchable’ person is considered polluting. |
Despite the limited literal meaning of the word, the institution of ‘untouchability’ refers not just to the avoidance or prohibition of physical contact but to a much broader set of social sanctions. Which of the following is not such a sanction?
| Strictly speaking, the ‘untouchable’ castes are outside the caste hierarchy – they are considered to be so ‘impure’ that their mere touch severely pollutes members of all other castes, bringing terrible punishment for the former and forcing the latter to perform elaborate purification rituals. In fact, notions of ‘distance pollution’ existed in many regions of India (particularly in the south) such that even the mere presence or the shadow of an ‘untouchable’ person is considered polluting. |
The names used to refer to untouchables are all almost always:
| Strictly speaking, the ‘untouchable’ castes are outside the caste hierarchy – they are considered to be so ‘impure’ that their mere touch severely pollutes members of all other castes, bringing terrible punishment for the former and forcing the latter to perform elaborate purification rituals. In fact, notions of ‘distance pollution’ existed in many regions of India (particularly in the south) such that even the mere presence or the shadow of an ‘untouchable’ person is considered polluting. |
As per the understanding of distance pollution from the given passage, which of the following qualify as sources of distance pollution?
I. Mere presence
II. Shadow
III. Pollution associated with women during menstruation
IV. Ceremonial pollution associated with death
Assertions of tribal identity are on the rise. This can be laid at the door of the emergence of a middle class within the tribal society. With the emergence of this class, in particular, issues of culture, tradition, livelihood, even control over land and resources, as well as demands for a share in the benefits of the projects of modernity, have become an integral part of the articulation of identity among the tribes. There is, therefore, a new consciousness among tribes now, coming from its middle classes. The middle classes themselves are a consequence of modern education and modern occupations, aided in turn by the reservation policies.
The reasons for asserting tribal identity for the uneducated and poor Adivasis and the middle classes among the tribes are the same. Mark the statement as true or false.
Which of the following is true regarding discrimination?
What is the mere presence or shadow of an untouchable person considered to be?
What are untouchable castes considered to be?
Social stratification persists over generations. The ascribed aspect of social inequality is reinforced by the practice of ______. That is, marriage is usually restricted to members of the same caste, ruling out the potential for blurring caste lines through inter-marriage.
What campaign did Ram Mohan Roy led in Bengal?
It means an opinion formed in advance of any familiarity with the subject before considering any available evidence.
Untouchability is almost always associated with
Identify the process of adopting the culture traits or social patterns of another group by the tribal people.
Who proposed a resolution against the evils of polygamy in the All India Muslim Ladies Conference?
Who was known as the Father of Indian Renaissance?
Elaborate on state and non-state initiatives addressing caste and tribal discrimination.
Which of the following features is not an element of the policy of Apartheid?
Using an example, describe adivasis internal colonialism.
The 1989 Prevention of Atrocities Act revised and strengthened the legal provisions punishing acts of violence or humiliation against Dalits and adivasis. Legislation on this subject was passed repeatedly.
Do you think state action alone can ensure social change? Give reasons for your answer.
