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प्रश्न
- Assertion (A): An electron has a high potential energy when it is at a location associated with a more negative value of potential, and a low potential energy when at a location associated with a more positive potential.
- Reason (R): Electrons move from a region of higher potential to region of lower potential.
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
पर्याय
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false and R is also false.
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उत्तर
A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
When an electron is at a location associated with a negative value of potential, say -V, its potential energy is U = (-e)(-V) = eV. When an electron is at a location associated with a positive potential, say +V, its potential energy is U = (-e)(+V) = -eV. So, the assertion is true.
From higher to lower potential, current flows. Conventionally, electrons move from a lower to a greater potential when they flow in the opposite manner. So, the reason is false.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Find out the amount of the work done to separate the charges at infinite distance.
A point charge Q is placed at point 'O' as shown in the figure. Is the potential at point A, i.e. VA, greater, smaller or equal to potential, VB, at point B, when Q is (i) positive, and (ii) negative charge?
- Assertion (A): Work done in moving a charge around a closed path, in an electric field is always zero.
- Reason (R): Electrostatic force is a conservative force.
The electrostatic potential energy of a charge configuration is well-defined because the electrostatic force is a conservative force, which means:
If a system of like charges, assembled by doing work against their repulsive force, is released, the stored electrostatic potential energy:
While assembling a system of charges, the work done in bringing the first charge \[q_1\] from infinity to its Position 1 is:
The total electrostatic potential energy of a three-charge system is:
For a system of n charges, the total number of unique charge pairs whose potential energies must be summed is:
For n charges \[q_1, q_2, \ldots, q_n\] at positions \[r_1, r_2, \ldots, r_n\], where \[r_{ij}\] is the distance between charge i and charge j, the total electrostatic potential energy of the system is:
For the symmetrical arrangement of charges +q, -q, +q, -q at the corners of a square, the electric potential at the centre E due to the four charges is:
