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When ice melts, its volume ______.
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Describe in brief how would you determine the approximate focal length of a convex lens.
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The following diagram shows the experimental set up for the determination of focal length of a lens using a plane mirror.

- Draw two rays from the point O of the object to show the formation of image I at O itself.
- What is the size of the image I?
- State two more characteristics of the image I.
- Name the distance of the objects O from the optical centre of the lens.
- To what point will the rays return if the mirror is moved away from the lens by a distance equal to the focal length of the lens?
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(i) Define critical angle.
(ii) State one important factor which affects the critical angle of a given medium.
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The diagram below shows a light source P embedded in a rectangular glass block ABCD of critical angle 42°. Complete the path of the ray PQ till it emerges out of the block. [Write necessary angles].

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Draw a neat labeled diagram of an A.C. generator
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Plot a graph between
Angle of incidence versus angle of reflection,
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Plot a graph between
Sine of angle of incidence versus sine of angle of refraction,
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Plot a graph between
Angle of incidence versus angle of refraction.
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If a light ray does not undergo, refraction at the boundary between two media, the angle of incidence is:
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(a) A ray of monochromatic light enters glass PQRS as shown in the fig. Complete the path of ray till it emerges from the glass. (Critical angle of glass is 420).

(b) Draw diagram of a prism periscope.
(c) What are the advantages of total internal reflecting prism over plane mirror?
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Make the correct choices for each of the following :
Total Internal reflection takes place when
(where ∠i = angle of incidence, ∠r = angle of refraction, ∠C = critical angle)
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What is the equivalent resistance of 5 equal resistors, each of value 2`Omega` 1 when oonnected in (a) Series ( b) ParaIleI?
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