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Chemistry Official Board Paper 2024-2025 HSC Science (General) 12th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution

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Chemistry [Official Board Paper]
Marks: 70 Maharashtra State Board
HSC Science (General)
HSC Science (Electronics)
HSC Science (Computer Science)

Academic Year: 2024-2025
Date & Time: 1st July 2025, 11:00 am
Duration: 3h
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General Instructions:

The question paper is divided into four sections. 

  1. Section A: Q. No. 1 contains Ten multiple choice type of questions carrying One mark each. Only the first attempt will be considered for evaluation.
    Q. No. 2 contains Eight very short answer type of questions carrying One mark each.
  2. Section B: Q. No. 3 to Q. No. 14 are Twelve short answer type-I questions carrying Two marks each. (Attempt any Eight)
  3. Section C: Q. No. 15 to Q. No. 26 are Twelve short answer type-II questions carrying Three marks each. (Attempt any Eight)
  4. Section D: Q. No. 27 to Q. No. 31 are Five long answer type of questions carrying Four marks each. (Attempt any Three)
  5. Use of log table is allowed. Use of calculator is not allowed.
  6. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
  7. Given data:
    1. R = 8.314 J K−1 mol−1
    2. At. Wt. of Oxygen = 16
    3. NA = 6.022 × 1023
    4. 1 F = 96500°C

Section A
[10]1. | Select and write the correct answer for the following multiple choice type of questions:
[1]1. i.

The coordination number of atoms in bcc crystal lattice is ______.

2

4

6

8

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [1] Solid State
[1]1. ii.

The unit of Henry’s Law constant is ______.

mol L−1 bar−1

mol−1 L bar−1

mol L−1 bar

mol−1 L−1 bar−1

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (iii)

pH of human blood is ______.

6.9

7.0

7.4

8.1

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. iv.

Ideal gas expands isothermally from 20 dm3 to 25 dm3 at constant pressure of 1.5 bar; then work done in dm3 bar will be ______.

−1.5

−5

−7.00

−7.5

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. v.

Correct statement about electrolysis of aqueous NaCl is ______.

H2 gas liberated at cathode.

Cl2 gas liberated at cathode.

H2 gas liberated at anode.

O2 gas liberated at anode.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. vi.

Rate constant of reaction is mole dm−3 sec−1, the order of reaction will be ______.

Zero

one

1.5

2

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. vii.

The correct possible general formula for interhalogen compound in the following is:

`XX_2^'`

`XX_3^'`

`XX_4^'`

`XX_6^'`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. viii.

All radioactive elements are present in which of the following:

3d series

4d series

Actinoid series

Lanthanoid series

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. ix.

The metal used in preparation of Grignard reagent is ______.

Al

Mg

Na

Fe

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. x.

Which among the following is dicarboxylic acid?

Acetic acid

Phthalic acid

Caproic acid

Citric acid

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[8]2. | Answer the following questions:
[1]2. i.

Write the formula to calculate the % atom economy.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [16] Green Chemistry and Nanochemistry
[1]2. ii.

Write the structure and name of the monomer of Nylon-6.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [15] Introduction to Polymer Chemistry [15] Polymers
[1]2. iii.

Write the total number of chiral carbon atoms present in glucose.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. iv.

Complete the following reaction:

\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{O}\phantom{......................................................}\\
||\phantom{......................................................}\\
\ce{CH3 - C - NH2 + 4(H) ->[Na/C2H5OH][LiAlH4, ether(H3O)^\oplus] ? + H2O}\
\end{array}\]

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. v.

Write the name of the reagent used to convert phenol to Benzene.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. vi.

Write the IUPAC name for:

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. vii.

Write oxidation state of ‘Fe’ in \[\ce{[Fe(CN)6]^{4\ominus}}\] complex ion.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. viii.

Write 6.0 g of O2 reacts with ClF as per

\[\ce{2ClF_{(g)} + O2_{(g)} -> Cl2O_{(g)} + OF2_{(g)}}\]

The enthalpy change is 38.55 kJ. Calculate the standard enthalpy of the reaction.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Section B (16 Marks)
Attempt any EIGHT of the following questions:
[2]3.

When gold crystallizes, it forms face-centered cubic cells. The unit cell edge length is 4 × 10−8 cm. Calculate the density of gold. Molar mass of gold is 197 g mol−1.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]4. a.

Define isotonic solutions.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [2] Solutions [2] Solutions and Colligative Properties
[1]4. b.

Define the following term: 

Colligative properties

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [2] Solutions and Colligative Properties
[2]5.

A solution has hydrogen ion concentration 0.01 M. Calculate pOH of the same solution.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]6.

Obtain the relationship between ΔH and ΔU for gas phase reactions.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [4] Chemical Thermodynamics
[1]7. i.

What is a salt bridge?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [4] Electrochemistry [5] Electrochemistry
[1]7. ii.

What are the functions of a salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [4] Electrochemistry [5] Electrochemistry
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[2]8.

Distinguish between Order and Molecularity of reaction.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[0.5]9. i.

Explain the anomalous behaviour of Fluorine with respect to oxyacid.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[0.5]9. ii.

Explain the anomalous behaviour of Fluorine with respect to nature of hydrides.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[0.5]9. iii.

Explain the anomalous behaviour of Fluorine with respect to electronegativity.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[0.5]9. iv.

Explain the anomalous behaviour of Fluorine with respect to electron gain enthalpy.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]10. i.

Balance the following chemical reaction.

\[\ce{K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O + I2}\]

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]10. ii.

Balance the following chemical reaction.

\[\ce{K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + H2S -> K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O + 3S}\]

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]11. i.

Name the following complex ion in the IUPAC system:

[Cu(NH3)4]2+

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]11. ii.

Write the IUPAC name of Na3[AlF6].

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]12. i.

Complete the following reaction:

\[\ce{CH3 - CH = CH2 + HBr ->}\] ?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]12. ii.

Complete the following reaction:

\[\ce{C2H5OH + SOCl2 ->[\Delta]}\] ?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]13.

How is phenol prepared from isopropyl benzene?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]14.

Write a note on the Haloform reaction.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Section C (24 Marks)
Attempt any EIGHT of the following questions:
[3]15.

A mixture of benzene and toluene contains 30% by mass of toluene. At 30°C, vapour pressure of pure toluene is 36.7 mm Hg and that of pure benzene is 118.2 mm Hg. Assuming that the two liquids form ideal solutions, calculate the total pressure and partial pressure of each constituent above the solution at 30°C.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [2] Solutions
[1]16. i.

Define buffer solution.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [3] Ionic Equilibria
[1]16. ii.

Define solubility product.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]16. iii.

Define common ion effect.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]17.

Calculate maximum work done when 32 g of oxygen expanded isothermally and reversibly from pressure 2 bar to 1 bar at 298 K.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]18. i.

What is zero order reaction?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [6] Chemical Kinetics
[2]18. ii.

Derive integrated rate law for zero order reaction.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [6] Chemical Kinetics
[1]19. a. i.

Draw the structure of chlorous acid.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [7] Elements of Groups 16, 17 and 18
[1]19. a. ii.

Write structure of perchloric acid.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]19. b.

Give the uses of helium.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]20. a.

What is Lanthanoid contraction?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [8.02] F-block Elements
[2]20. b.

Compounds of ‘d’ block elements are coloured in solid state as well as in an aqueous state. Explain.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]21. a.

Write the representation of sodium hexacyanoferrate (III).

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]21. b. i.

Write type of hybridization and magnetic behavior of the following:

[Co(NH3)6]3⊕

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[1]21. b. ii.

Write type of hybridization and magnetic behavior of the following:

\[\ce{[NiCl4]^{2\ominus}}\]

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]22. a.

Give a balanced equation for the following:

Conversion of acetic acid to ethyl acetate.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]22. b.

Convert (Indicate by reaction) acetaldehyde to acetaldoxime.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]22. c.

How acetone is converted into propane.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [12] Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
[1]23. a. i.

Write the reaction when ethylamine is treated with Hinsberg’s reagent.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]23. a. ii.

What is the action of the following reagent on ethyl amine?

Nitrous acid

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [13.01] Amines
[1]23. b.

Write increasing order of basicity for CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH and (CH3)3N.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]24. a.

What are monosaccharides?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [14.01] Carbohydrates
[1]24. b.

Draw Zwitter ion structure of α amino acid.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]24. c.

Name the three components of a nucleotide.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]25. a.

Write the reactions involved in the preparation of Teflon.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [15] Introduction to Polymer Chemistry [15] Polymers
[1]25. b.

Write the structure and name of monomer of Natural rubber.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [15] Introduction to Polymer Chemistry [15] Polymers
[1]25. c.

Describe the important uses of high density polythene.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]26. a.

Explain the term sustainable development.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]26. b.

Explain the following term:

Nanomaterial

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]26. c.

Name the γ-isomer of BHC.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [16] Green Chemistry and Nanochemistry
Section D (12 Marks)
Attempt any THREE of the following questions:
[2]27. a.

Distinguish between crystalline solid and amorphous solid.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [1] Solid State
[2]27. b.

Explain the bleaching action of chlorine in the presence of moisture.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]28. a.

Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a standard hydrogen electrode (SHE).

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [5] Electrochemistry
[2]28. b.

Calculate the e.m.f. of the following cell.

\[\ce{Mg | Mg{^{++}_{(aq)}} || Ag{^+_{(aq)}} | Ag}\]

If \[\ce{E^\circ_{Mg}}\] = −2.37 Volt and \[\ce{E^\circ_{Ag}}\] = 0.8 Volt.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1.5]29. a.

State whether the following reaction is spontaneous or non spontaneous if ΔH = 50 kJ and ΔS = −130 JK−1 at 250 K.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1.5]29. b.

Explain optical activity of 2-chlorobutane.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [10] Halogen Derivatives
[1]29. c.

Write the full form of DDT.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]30. a.

Define coordination number.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [9] Coordination Compounds
[2]30. b.

Write note on Reimer-Tieman reaction.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]30. c.

Write structural formula for Methyl vinyl ether.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [11] Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers [11.01] Alcohols [11.02] Phenols [11.03] Ethers
[2]31. a.

Explain Aldol condensation of ethanal.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [12] Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
[2]31. b.

Write any four properties of interstitial compounds.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [8] Transition and Inner Transition Elements

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