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प्रश्न
Write advantages of science of heredity.
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उत्तर
The advantages of the science of heredity are as follows:
- Diagnosis of diseases.
- Treatment and prevention of heredity disorders.
- Production of hybrid varieties of animals and plants.
- Industrial processes in which microbes are used.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Mendel crossed tall pea plants with dwarf pea plants in his experiment. Write his observations giving reason on the F1 and F2 generations.
List any two contrasting characters other than roundness of pea plants that Mendel used in his experiments with pea plants.
To perform an experiment to identify the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed, first of all you require a dicot seed. Select dicot seeds from the following group:
Wheat, Gram, Maize, Pea, Barley, Ground-nut
(A) Wheat, Gram and Pea
(B) Gram, Pea and Ground-nut
(C) Maize, Pea and Barley
(D) Gram, Maize and Ground-nut
Name the first scientist who studied the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next.
What type of plants were used by Mendel for conducting his experiments on inheritance?
What is the genotype of (i) dwarf plants, and (ii) tall plants, whose parental cross always produces tall offspring?
Gregor Mendel's first law of genetics states "Of a pair of contrasted characters, only one can be represented in a gamete by its internal 'factor' State where these factors are found in gametes.
When two parents are crossed, the offspring are referred to as :
recessives
test cross
F1 generation
F2 generation
In the human blood grouping, the four basic blood types are type A, type B, type AB, and type O. The blood proteins A and B are :
(a) simple dominant and recessive traits
(b) incomplete dominant traits
(c) codominant traits
(d) sex-linked traits
A pregnant woman has an equal chance of her baby being blood group A or blood group AB. Which one of the following shows the possible genotypes of the woman and the father of her child?
(a) IA IA and IB IO
(b) IA IB and IB IO
(c) IA IO and IB IO
(d) IA IB and IA IO
Pure-bred tall pea plants are first crossed with pure-bred dwarf pea plants. The pea plants obtained in F1generation are then cross-bred to produce F2 generation of pea plants.
(a) What do the plants of F1 generation look like?
(b) What is the ratio of tall plants to dwarf plants in F2 generation?
(c) Which type of plants were missing in F1 generation but reappeared in F2 generation?
A red-haired woman marries a brown-haired man, and all the children are brown haired. Explain this genetically.
A person first crossed pure-bred pea plants having round-yellow seeds with pure-bred pea plants having wrinkled-green seeds and found that only A-B type of seeds were produced in the F1 generation. When F1generation pea plants having A-B type of seeds were cross-bred by self-pollination, then in addition to the original round-yellow and wrinkled-green seeds, two new varieties A-D and C-B type of seeds were also obtained.
(a) What are A-B type of seeds?
(b) State whether A and B are dominant traits or recessive traits.
(c) What are A-D type of seeds?
(d) What are C-B type of seeds?
(c) Out of A-B and A-D types of seeds, which one will be produced in (i) minimum numbers, and (ii) maximum numbers, in the F2 generation?
The term 'father of genetics' is used for the scientist :
(a) Morgan
(b) Mendel
(c) Darwin
(d) Marie Curie
List two differences in tabular form between dominant trait and recessive traits. What percentage/proportion of the plants in the F2 generation/progeny were round, in Mendel's cross between round and wrinkled pea plants?
Hereditary characters are transferred from parents to offspring by ______ hence they are said to be structural and functional units of heredity.
Define Heredity. Give two examples.
Answer the following question.
Name the plant Mendel used for his experiment. What type of progeny was obtained by Mendel in F1 and F2 generations when he crossed the tall and short plants? Write the ratio he obtained in F2 generation plants.
What is genetics?
In the following figure showing a germinating gram seed, name the parts labelled as A, B and C:
Why is Part 'B' considered to be important during germination?
