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प्रश्न
Write a short note.
Structure of the modern periodic table.
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उत्तर
Structure of the modern periodic table:
Periodic Table: It is the table of chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number such that elements with similar atomic structure appear in the vertical columns. The Modern periodic law states that The chemical and physical properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers. The modern periodic table is based on modern periodic law.
Groups: There are 18 vertical columns in the periodic table. Each column is called a group. All elements in a group have similar chemical and physical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
Periods: In periodic table elements are arranged in a series of rows. Elements of the same period have the same number of electron shells.
Blocks: The table is divided into four blocks: s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block, based on the type of orbital being filled. s- and p-blocks are called representative elements, d-block are transition metals, and f-block are inner transition elements (lanthanides and actinides).
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Fill in the blank:
The modern periodic table consists of ……………. periods.
Write the names given to the vertical columns and horizontal rows in the Modern Periodic Table. How does the metallic character of elements vary on moving down a vertical column? How does the size of atomic radius vary on moving left to right in a horizontal row? Give reason in support of your answer in the above two cases.
How does the tendency of elements to gain electrons change as we move from left to right in a period? State the reason of this change.
State whether the following statement is true or false:
On going down in a group of the periodic table, the number of valence electrons increases.
In the modern Periodic Table, why does cobalt with higher atomic mass of 58.93 appear before nickel having lower atomic mass of 58.71?
Which of the following are the correct characteristics of isotopes of an element?
(i) same atomic mass
(ii) same atomic number
(iii) same physical properties
(iv) same chemical properties
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
An element X belongs to 3rd period and group 2 of the periodic table. State:
(a) number of valence electrons
(b) valency
(c) metal or non-metal
(d) name of the element
Name two elements in halogens.
Name two elements in Inert gas.
Name two elements in each case: Lanthanides
Name the metals in the first twenty elements.
Name the type of elements which have two outermost shell incomplete.
How does the electronic configuration of an atom relate to its position in the modern periodic table?
An element barium has the atomic number 56. Look up its position in the periodic table and answer the following question.
Is it larger or smaller than caesium (Cs)?
The electronic configuration of an element T is 2, 8, 8, 1.
What is the period number of T?
What would be the correct order if Zn, Fe, Al and Cu are arranged in increasing order of reactivity?
What is meant in the periodic table by a period?
How does number of (i) valence electrons (ii) valency; vary on moving from left to right in the second period of a periodic table?
Answer the following question.
How it can be proved that the basic structure of the Modern Periodic Table is based on the electronic configuration of atoms of different elements?
Give the symbol and valency of the following element and radical.
Aluminium
State what the group number in the Modern Periodic Table signifies. Give a reason why elements in the same group, have similar valency and similar chemical properties.
The groups 1 and 2 constitute the _______ block.
The modern periodic table shows the molecular masses of the elements in each frame.
Write an Explanation.
Period
Write scientific reason.
Lithium and sodium are included in the same group in periodic table.
Distinguish between:
Group 17 - Group 18
An X element with atomic number 11 and Y element with atomic number 13 belongs to the third period in the modern periodic table. With this information, give the answers of the below questions.
- Which element has more metallic character from these two elements?
- What is the valency of each X and Y elements?
- Atom size of Y element is smaller than atom size of X element. Explain.
______ forms the basis of the modern periodic table.
The scientist who propounded the modern periodic law is ______.
The element which has the least tendency to lose electrons is ______
Where would you locate the element with electronic configuration 2,8 in the Modern Periodic Table?
If an element X is placed in group 14, what will be the formula and the nature of bonding of its chloride?
Compare the radii of two species X and Y. Give reasons for your answer.
- X has 12 protons and 12 electrons
- Y has 12 protons and 10 electrons
Choose an element from period 3 of modern periodic table that matches the description given below in instance. Give a reason for your choice.
It has variable valency and is a member of the Oxygen family (group 16).
An element has the atomic number 12.
- Write the electric configuration.
- To which group and period does it belong.
A part of modern periodic table is given below. On its basis, answer the following questions:
| Group No. → | 1 | 2 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| Period ↓ | ||||||||
| 2 | A | B | ||||||
| 3 | E | D | F | C |
Which of the element is a Metalloid?
- Write the electronic configuration of element X, given by its symbol as under: \[\ce{^40_20 X}\]
- Determine its position in the modem periodic table.
- What is the nature of its oxide?
- Name one other element of its group.
Give the criteria on the basis of which elements are placed (i) in a group and (ii) in a period in the modern periodic table. The atomic number of an element is 16. According to the criteria, in which group and period it should be placed?
What is the general name of the last elements of the Periodic Table?
Answer the following in respect of element \[\ce{_16^32S}\].
Give its formula with hydrogen.
