Question

Write a note on denaturation of proteins.

Answer 1

1. In general, protein has a unique three-dimensional structure formed by interactions such as disuiphide bond, hydrogen bond, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.

2. These interactions can be disturbed when the protein is exposed to a higher temperature in certain chemicals such urea, alternation of pH, ionic strength, etc. It leads to the loss of the three-dimensional structure.

3. The process of a protein losing its higher-order structure without losing the primary structure, It is called denaturation of protein. When a protein denatures, its biological function is also lost.

4. Since the primary structure is intact, this process can be reversed in certain proteins. This can happen spontaneously upon restoring the original conditions or with the help of special enzymes called chaperons.

5. Example: Coagulation of egg white by the action of heat.