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प्रश्न
What properties of water make it useful as a solvent? What types of compound can it (i) dissolve, and (ii) hydrolyse?
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उत्तर
A high value of dielectric constants (78.39 C2/Nm2) and dipole moment make water a universal solvent.
Water is able to dissolve most ionic and covalent compounds. Ionic compounds dissolve in water because of the ion-dipole interaction, whereas covalent compounds form hydrogen bonding and dissolve in water.
Water can hydrolyze metallic and non-metallic oxides, hydrides, carbides, phosphides, nitrides and various other salts. During hydrolysis, H+ and OH– ions of water interact with the reacting molecule.
Some reactions are:
\[\ce{CaO + H_2O -> Ca(OH)_2}\]
\[\ce{NaH + H_2O -> NaOH + H_2}\]
\[\ce{CaC_2 +H_2O -> C_2H_2 + Ca(OH)_2}\]
संबंधित प्रश्न
Arrange the following:
CaH2, BeH2 and TiH2 in order of increasing electrical conductance.
Describe the usefulness of water in biosphere and biological systems.
Why should a glass bottle completely filled with water never be kept in a freezer?
Define the following.
Boiling point
Which of the following equation depicts reducing nature of \[\ce{H2O2}\]?
Some of the properties of water are described below. Which of them is/are not correct?
(i) Water is known to be a universal solvent.
(ii) Hydrogen bonding is present to a large extent in liquid water.
(iii) There is no hydrogen bonding in the frozen state of water.
(iv) Frozen water is heavier than liquid water.
Give reasons: Ice floats on water.
\[\ce{H2O2}\] is a better oxidising agent than water. Explain.
Melting point, enthalpy of vapourisation and viscosity data of \[\ce{H2O}\] and \[\ce{D2O}\] is given below :
| \[\ce{H, O}\] | \[\ce{D2O}\] | |
| Melting point / K | 373.0 | 374.4 |
| Enthalpy of vapourisation at (373 K)/kJ mol–1 | 40.66 | 41.61 |
| Viscosity/centipoise | 0.8903 | 1.107 |
On the basis of this data explain in which of these liquids intermolecular forces are stronger?
Explain why \[\ce{HCl}\] is a gas and \[\ce{HF}\] is a liquid.
Why does water show high boiling point as compared to hydrogen sulphide? Give reasons for your answer.
______ has the highest latent heat of fusion.
One gram of water requires ______ of heat to raise its temperature by l°C.
Water is circulated around the car engine using the ______ pump and the heat is absorbed.
What are the physical properties of pure water?
Which of the following ion is responsible for the temporary hardness of water?
The density of gold is 19 g/cm3. If 1.9 × 10−4 g of gold is dispersed in one litre of water to give a sol having spherical gold particles of radius 10 nm, the number of gold particles per mm3 of the sol will be ______ × 106.
