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प्रश्न
What is commensalism? Explain it with a suitable example.
Explain commensalism with the help of an example.
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उत्तर
Commensalism is the interaction between two species in which one species derives benefit and the other one is neither harmed nor benefited. This is the interaction in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited.
An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a branch of a mango tree will benefit, while the mango tree derives no benefit.
The cattle egret and grazing cattle in close association are a classic example of commensalism. Cattle egrets always forage close to cattle; as cattle move, they flush out insects that might be difficult for the egrets to find and catch.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain mutualism with the help of any two examples.
Write what do phytophagous insects feed on.
How is mutualism different from commensalism?
Name the two intermediate hosts which the human liver fluke depends on to complete its life cycle so as to facilitate parasitization of its primary host.
Define the Stenothermal organisms.
Give one example of mutualism.
Define community.
The cattle egret and grazing cattle in close association is a classic example of ______.
The number of deaths under ideal conditions is known as ______.
Explain different population interactions with examples.
Competition between species leads to ________.
Match the following and choose the correct combination from the options given below.
| Column I | Column II |
| Mutualism | Lion and deer |
| Commensalism | Round worm and man |
| Parasitism | Birds compete with squirrels for nuts |
| Competition | Sea anemone on hermit crab |
| Predation | Barnacles attached to Whales |
The relationship between sucker fish and shark is _________.
Two species competing for the same resources, avoid competition by choosing different times for feeding, also known as ______
______ is the adaptation of an organism i which it matches its colour with its surroundings to get protected from predators.
The correct description for the interspecific interaction shown in the given figure is ______
The interspecific interaction between Cuckoo and Crow is ______
Which of the following is TRUE for amensalism?
Parasitism can be conectly represented as ____________.
Identify the type of negative interaction.
Which of the following is NOT an example of mutualism?
Which one of the following is an example of predation?
Which one of the following pair does NOT show commensalism?
With the decline in the population of fig species it was noticed that the population of wasp species also started to decline. What is the relationship between the two and what could be the possible reason for decline of wasps?
Mycorrhizae are the example of ______.
In spite of interspecific competition in nature, which mechanism the competing species might have evolved for their survival?
What is the interaction between two species called?
What is commensalism?
What is brood parasitism? Explain with the help of an example.
Name any two categories of organisms that in general are adversely affected by competition.
Complete the following chart regarding population interaction and re-write:
| Sr. No. | Name of interaction | Interaction between |
| 1. | ? | Plasmodium and Man |
| 2. | ? | Leopard and Lion |
| 3. | ? | Clownfish and Sea-anemone |
A bird laying its egg in the nest of another bird is the type of ______.
Observe the graph given below.
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The graph represents inter-specific interaction between two species of Paramecia competing for the same resource in a culture medium. Paramecium caudatum and Paramecium aurelia were grown in separate cultures as well as in mixed cultures. It was found that each species grew in numbers according to the logistic equation.
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a) Which species is competitively superior? Support it with the data provided in the graph.
b) State the underlying principle for the above result and name the scientist associated with this principle.
c) Explain the mechanism in which two or more species competing with each other can co-exist.
OR
Graphs A and B shown below depict interaction of two species. Which graph indicates Mutualism? Give reason.
 |
 |
| A | B |
Select the statement which best describes parasitism.
In which interaction of species, both the species are at a loss?
The diagram given below shows the life cycle of a malarial parasite. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follows:
- Name the hosts in which the asexual phase and sexual phase of the life cycle takes place.
- Identify the infective stage labelled ‘D’.
- Name the structure labelled ‘A’ and ‘E’.
- Give any one symptom of malaria.
Some orchids live on the branches of mango trees. Name the type of interaction that exists between the mango tree and the orchid.
Statement I: Gause’s ‘Competitive Exclusion Principle states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually.
Statement II: In general, carnivores are more adversely affected by competition than herbivores.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
