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प्रश्न
What does the excess of debit over credits in the Profit and Loss Adjustment Account indicate?
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उत्तर
The excess of debit over credits in Profit and Loss Adjustment Account indicates a loss on the revaluation of assets and liabilities.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Anil and Sunil were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:1 respectively. Their Balance Sheet was as follows:
| Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2010 | |||
| Liabilities | Amount (Rs) | Assets | Amount (Rs) |
| Capital A/c | Cash at Bank | 4,000 | |
| Anil | 24,000 | Debtors | 15,000 |
| Sunil | 16,000 | Stock | 23,500 |
| Trade Creditors | 26,000 | Furniture | 5,000 |
| Anil’s Loan A/c | 6,500 | Building | 25,000 |
| 72,500 | 72,500 | ||
On 1st April 2010, Ram is admitted in the partnership on the following terms:
(1) Ram should bring in cash of Rs. 12,000 as capital for 1/5th share in future profit.
(2) Goodwill A/c is raised in the books of the firm for Rs. 4,500.
(3) A building is revalued at Rs. 28,000 and the value of stock be reduced by Rs. 1,500.
(4) Reserve for doubtful debts is provided at 5% on debtors.
Prepare:
(a) Profit and Loss Adjustment account.
(b) Capital Accounts of partners.
(c) Balance Sheet of the new firm.
Why does a firm revaluate its assets and reassess its liabilities on retirement or death of a partner?
Ramesh and Umesh were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of their capitals. On 31st March, 2013 their Balance Sheet was as follows:On the above data the firm was dissolved.
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Balance Sheet of Ramesh and Umesh as on 31st March, 2013 |
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|
Liabilities |
Amount Rs |
Assets |
Amount Rs |
|
|
Creditors |
1,70,000 |
Bank |
1,10,000 |
|
|
Workmen’s Compensation Fund |
2,10,000 |
Debtors |
2,40,000 |
|
|
General Reserve |
2,00,000 |
Stock |
1,30,000 |
|
|
Ramesh’s Current Account |
80,000 |
Furniture |
2,00,000 |
|
|
Capitals: |
|
Machinery |
9,30,000 |
|
|
Ramesh |
7,00,000 |
|
Umesh’s Current Account |
50,000 |
|
Umesh |
3,00,000 |
10,00,000 |
|
|
|
|
16,60,000 |
|
16,60,000 |
|
|
|
|
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(i) Ramesh took over 50% of stock at Rs 10,000 less than book value. The remaining stock was sold at a loss of Rs 15,000. Debtors were realised at a discount of 5%.
(ii) Furniture was taken over by Umesh for Rs 50,000 and machinery was sold for Rs 4,50,000.
(iii) Creditors were paid in full.
(iv) There was an unrecorded bill for repairs for Rs 1,60,000 which was settled at Rs 1,40,000.
Prepare Realisation Account.
Kalpana and Kanika were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. On 1st April, 2013 they admitted Karuna as a new partners for 1/5th share in the profits of the firm. The Balance Sheet of Kalpana and Kanika as on 1st April, 2013, was as follows:
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Balance Sheet of Kalpana and Kanika as on 1st April, 2013 |
|||||
|
Liabilities |
Amount Rs |
Assets |
Amount Rs |
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|
Capitals |
|
Land and Building |
2,10,000 |
||
|
Kalpana |
4,80,000 |
|
Plant |
2,70,000 |
|
|
Kanika |
2,10,000 |
6,90,000 |
Stock |
2,10,000 |
|
|
General Reserve |
60,000 |
Debtors |
1,32,000 |
|
|
|
Workmen’s Compensation Fund |
1,00,000 |
Less: Provision |
–12,000 |
1,20,000 |
|
|
Creditors |
90,000 |
Cash |
1,30,000 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
9,40,000 |
|
9,40,000 |
||
|
|
|
|
|||
It was agreed that
(i) the value of Land and Building will be appreciated by 20%.
(ii) the value of plant be increased by Rs 60,000.
(iii) Karuna will bring Rs 80,000 for her share of goodwill premium.
(iv) the liabilities of Workmen's Compensation Fund were determined at Rs 60,000.
(v) Karuna will bring in cash as capital to the extent of `1/5`th share of the total capital of the new firm.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner's Capital Accounts and Balance Sheet of the new firm.
The gradual and permanent decrease in the value of fixed assets due to any cause.
Write the word/term or phrase which can substitute the following statement.
The account which shows change in the values of assets.
Write the word/term or phrase which can substitute the following statement.
Credit balance on revaluation account.
Write the word/term or phrase which can substitute the following statement.
Account which is opened to record the gains and losses on revaluation.
Select the most appropriate answer from the alternative given below and rewrite the sentence.
Account is debited when unrecorded liability is brought into business.
Answer the following question in one sentence.
What shows credit balance of revaluation account ?
Shanti, Samadhan and Sangarsh were sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 7: 5: 4. Their balance sheet as on 31st .03.2013 was as follows:
|
Liabilities
|
Amount
|
Assets
|
Amount
|
|
Capitals:
|
Furniture
|
17000
|
|
|
Shanti
|
23000
|
Machinery
|
18000
|
|
Samadhan
|
15000
|
Building
|
16000
|
|
Sangharsh
|
12000
|
Cash
|
37000
|
|
Bills Payable
|
4000
|
||
|
Creditors
|
8000
|
||
|
Loan
|
10000
|
||
|
General Reserve
|
16000
|
||
|
88000
|
88000
|
Write a word/phrase/term which can substitute the following statement.
An account opened to adjust the value of assets and liabilities at the time of admission of a partner.
Write a word/phrase/term which can substitute the following statement.
An account that is debited when the partner takes over the asset.
Write a word/phrase/term which can substitute the following statement.
Profit and Loss Account balance appearing on the liability side of the Balance Sheet.
A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 1:1. C is admitted. A surrenders `1/4`th share and B surrenders `1/5`th of his share in favor of C. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.
Complete the following Table:
Normal Profit = __________ `xx "NRR"/ 100`
Amalendu and Sameer share profits and losses in the ratio 3:2 respectively Their balance sheet as on 31st March 2017 was as under.
Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2017
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) |
| Sundry Creditors | 10,000 | Cash at bank | 12,000 |
| Amlendu capital | 60,000 | Sundry debtors | 24,000 |
| Sameer capital | 40,000 | Land & Building | 50,000 |
| General reserve | 20,000 | Stock | 16,000 |
| Plant and machinery | 20,000 | ||
| Furniture & fixture | 8,000 | ||
| 1,30,000 | 1,30,000 |
On 1st April 2017, they admit Paresh into partnership. The term being that:
- He shall pay ₹16,000 as his share of Goodwill 50% amount of Goodwill shall be withdrawn by the old partners.
- He shall have to bring in ₹ 20,000 as his Capital for 1/4 share in future profits.
- For the purpose of Paresh’s admission, it was agreed that the assets would be revalued as follows.
A) Land and Building is to be valued at ₹ 60,000
B) Plant and Machinery to be valued at ₹ 16,000
C) Stock valued at ₹ 20,000 and Furniture and Fixtures at ₹ 4,000.
D) A Provision of 5% on Debtors would be made for Doubtful Debts.
Pass the necessary Journal Entries in the Books of a New Firm.
Vasu and Viraj Share Profits and Losses in the Ratio of 3:2 respectively Their Balance Sheet as on 31st March 2019 was as under
Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2019
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) |
| Sundry Creditors | 45,000 | Cash at bank | 750 |
| General Reserve | 30,000 | Sundry debtors | 66,750 |
|
Capital: |
Stock | 25,500 | |
|
Vasu |
1,08,000 | ||
|
Viraj |
72,000 | ||
| Investment | 36,000 | ||
| Plant | 90,000 | ||
| Building | 36,000 | ||
| 2,55,000 |
2,55,000 |
They admit Hari into Partnership on 1.4. 2019 the terms being that :
1 He shall have to bring in ₹60,000 as his Capital for 1/4 share in future profits
2 Value of Goodwill of the Firm is to be fixed at The average profits for the last three years. The Profit was.
2009-10 ₹ 48,000,
2010-11 ₹ 81,000
2011-12 ₹ 73,500
Hari is unable to bring the value of the Goodwill in cash. It is decided to raise the Goodwill in the books of accounts.
3. Reserve for Doubtful Debts is to be created at ₹ 1,500.
4. Closing Stock is valued at ₹ 22,500
5. Plant and Building is to be depreciated by 5%
Prepare Profit and Loss Adjustment A/c, Capital Accounts of Partners, And Balance Sheet of the New Firm.
Mr. Deep & Mr. Karan were in Partnership sharing Profits & Losses in the proportion of 3:1 respectively. Their Balance Sheet On 31st March 2018 Stood as follows.
| Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2018 | |||||
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) | Amount (₹) |
| Sundry Creditors | 40,000 | Cash | 40,000 | ||
| Bill Payable | 10,000 | Sundry debtors | 32,000 | ||
| Bank Overdraft | 11,000 | Land & Building | 16,000 | ||
| Capital A/c: | Stock | 20,000 | |||
| Deep | 60,000 | Plant and machinery | 30,000 | ||
| Karan | 20,000 | 80,000 | Furniture | 11,000 | |
| General Reserve | 8,000 | ||||
| 1,49,000 | 1,49,000 | ||||
They admit Shubham into Partnership on 1 April 2018 The term being that:
- He shall have to bring in ₹ 20,000 as his capital for 1/5 Share in future profits & 10,000 as his share of Goodwill.
- A Provision for 5% doubtful debts to be created on Sundry Debtors.
- Furniture to be depreciated by 20%
- Stock should be appreciated by 5% and Building be appreciated by 20%
- Capital A/c of all partners be adjusted in their new profit sharing ratio through cash account.
Prepare Profit and Loss Adjustment A/c, Partner’s Capital A/c, Balance sheet of the new firm.
Mr. Kishor & Mr. Lal were in partnership sharing profits & losses in the proportion of 3/4 and 1/4 respectively.
| Balance Sheet as on 31 March 2018 | |||||
| Liabilities | Amt (₹) |
Amt (₹) |
Assets | Amt (₹) |
Amt (₹) |
| Creditors | 1,20,000 | Land and Building | 75,000 | ||
| General Reserve | 12,000 | Furniture | 6,000 | ||
| Capital A/c: | Stock | 60,000 | |||
| Kishor | 90,000 | Debtors | 60,000 | ||
| Lal | 48,000 | 1,38,000 | Bills Receivable | 39,000 | |
| Cash at Bank | 30,000 | ||||
| 2,70,000 | 2,70,000 | ||||
They decided to admit Ram on 1 April 2018 on following terms:
- He should be given 1/5th share in profit and for that he brought in ₹ 60,000 as capital through RTGS.
- Goodwill should be raised at ₹ 60,000.
- Appreciate Land and Building by 20%.
- Furniture and Stock are to be depreciated by 10%.
- The Capitals of all partners should be adjusted in their new profit sharing ratio through Bank A/c.
Pass necessary Journal Entries in the books of the Partnership firm and a Balance sheet of the new firm.
Vrushali and Leena are equal partners in the business. Their Balance sheet as on 31 March 2018 stood as under.
| Balance Sheet as on 31 March 2018 | |||||
| Liabilities | Amt. (₹) | Amt. (₹) | Assets | Amt. (₹) | Amt. (₹) |
| Sundry Creditors | 90,000 | 90,000 | Cash in Bank | 62,000 | |
| Capitals: | Debtors | 31,000 | |||
| Vrushali | 45,000 | 75,000 | Less: R.D.D | 1,000 | 30,000 |
| Leena | 30,000 | Building | 55,000 | ||
| General Reserves | 18,000 | Machinery | 24,000 | ||
| Bills Receivable | 12,000 | ||||
| 1,83,000 | 1,83,000 | ||||
They decided to admit Aparna on 1st April 2018 on the following terms:
1. The Machinery and Building be depreciated by 10%. Reserve for Doubtful Debts to be increased by ₹ 5,000
2. Bills Receivable are taken over by Vrushali at the discount of 10%
3. Aparna should bring Rs. 60,000 as capital for her 1/4th share in future profits.
4. The capital accounts of all the partners be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio by opening the current accounts of the partners.
Prepare Profit and Loss Adjustment A/c, Partner’s Capital A/c, Balance sheet of the new firm.
The balance sheet of Medha and Radha who share profit and loss in the ratio 3: 1 is as follows:
| Balance Sheet as on 31 March 2018 | |||
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) |
| Sundry Creditors | 80,000 | Cash | 78,000 |
| Bills Payable | 20,000 | Sundry debtors | 64,000 |
| Bank overdraft | 20,000 | Stock | 40,000 |
| Capital A/c: | Plant and Machinery | 60,000 | |
| Medha | 1,20,000 | Furniture | 22,000 |
| Radha | 40,000 | Land and Building | 32,000 |
| General reserve | 16,000 | ||
| 2,96,000 | 2,96,000 | ||
They decided to admit Krutika on 1st April 2018 on the following terms:
- Krutika is taken as partner on 1st April 2017. She will pay 40,000 as her capital for 1/5th share in future profits and Rs. 2,500 as goodwill.
- A 5% provision for bad and doubtful debt be created on debtors.
- Furniture be depreciated by 20%.
- Stocks be appreciated by 5% and plant and machinery by 20%.
- The Capital accounts of all partners be adjusted in their new profit sharing ratio by adjusting the amount through current account.
- The new profit sharing ratio will be 3/5:1/5:1/5 respectively.
You are required to prepare profit and loss adjustment A/c, Partner’s Capital A/c, Balance Sheet of the new firm.
Revaluation A/c is a _________.
On revaluation, the increase in the value of assets leads to _________.
At the time of admission, the goodwill brought by the new partner may be credited to the capital accounts of __________.
What is meant by the revaluation of assets and liabilities?
How are accumulated profits and losses distributed among the partners at the time of admission of a new partner?
Hari, Madhavan and Kesavan are partners, sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. As from 1st April 2017, Vanmathi is admitted into the partnership and the new profit sharing ratio is decided as 4 : 3 : 2 : 1. The following adjustments are to be made.
- Increase the value of premises by ₹ 60,000.
- Depreciate stock by ₹ 5,000, furniture by ₹ 2,000 and machinery by ₹ 2,500.
- Provide for an outstanding liability of ₹ 500.
Pass journal entries and prepare a revaluation account.
Seenu and Siva are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5 : 3. In view of Kowsalya admission, they decided
- To increase the value of building by ₹ 40,000.
- To bring into record investments at ₹ 10,000, which have not so far been brought into account.
- To decrease the value of machinery by ₹ 14,000 and furniture by ₹ 12,000.
- To write off sundry creditors by ₹ 16,000.
Pass journal entries and prepare a revaluation account.
Amal and Vimal are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 7 : 5. Their balance sheet as on 31st March, 2019, is as follows:
| Liabilities | ₹ | ₹ | Assets | ₹ |
| Capital accounts: | Land | 80,000 | ||
| Amal | 70,000 | Furniture | 20,000 | |
| Vimal | 50,000 | 1,20,000 | Stock | 25,000 |
| Sundry creditors | 30,000 | Debtors | 30,000 | |
| Profit and loss A/c | 24,000 | Debtors | 19,000 | |
| 1,74,000 | 1,74,000 |
Nirmal is admitted as a new partner on 1.4.2018 by introducing a capital of ₹ 30,000 for 1/3 share in the future profit subject to the following adjustments.
- Stock to be depreciated by ₹ 5,000
- Provision for doubtful debts to be created for ₹ 3,000
- Land to be appreciated by ₹ 20,000
Prepare revaluation account and capital account of partners after admission.
Anbu and Shankar are partners in a business sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 7 : 5. The balance sheet of the partners on 31.03.2018 is as follows:
| Liabilities | ₹ | ₹ | Assets | ₹ |
| Capital accounts: | Computer | 40,000 | ||
| Anbu | 4,00,000 | Motor car | 1,60,000 | |
| Shankar | 3,00,000 | 7,00,000 | Stock | 4,00,000 |
| Profit and loss | 1,20,000 | Debtors | 3,60,000 | |
| Creditors | 1,20,000 | Bank | 40,000 | |
| Workmen compensation fund | 60,000 | |||
| 10,00,000 | 10,00,000 |
Rajesh is admitted for 1/5 share on the following terms:
- Goodwill of the firm is valued at ₹ 80,000 and Rajesh brought cash ₹ 6,000 for his share of goodwill.
- Rajesh is to bring ₹ 1,50,000 as his capital.
- Motor car is valued at ₹ 2,00,000; stock at ₹ 3,80,000 and debtors at ₹ 3,50,000.
- Anticipated claim on workmen compensation fund is ₹ 10,000
- Unrecorded investment of ₹ 5,000 has to be brought into account.
Prepare revaluation account, capital accounts and balance sheet after Rajesh’s admission.
At the time of admission of a partner, what will be the effect of the following information?
Balance in Workmen compensation reserve ₹40,000. Claim for workmen compensation ₹45,000.
A revaluation account is operated to find out the gain or loss at the time of ______
The account which is prepared to adjust the increase or decrease in the value of assets at the time of admission of a partner is called:
Balance in the Investment Fluctuation Reserve, after meeting the loss on revaluation of Investments, at the time of admission of a partner will be transferred to:
Which account will be prepared to record the adjusting amount of assets and liabilities?
Karan and Saran are partners in a partnership. They admitted Mohit as a new partner for `1/4`th share in profits.
| Balance Sheet [Extract] | |||
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) |
Assets | Amount (₹) |
| Creditors | 25,000 | ||
If 5% of creditors are not likely to claim their dues, what amount of creditors will be shown in the Balance Sheet on Mohit's admission?
If at the time of admission, there is some unrecorded liability, it will be:
Assertion (A): At the time of admission of a partner if there is any General Reserve, Reserve Fund or the balance of Profit & Loss Account appearing in the balance sheet, it should be transferred to old partners' capital/current accounts in their old profit sharing ratio.
Reason (R): The General reserve, Reserve Fund or the Balance of Profit and Loss Account are the result of the past profits when the new partner was not admitted.
Ganga and Jamuna are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 1. They admit Saraswati for 1/5th share in future profits. On the date of admission, Ganga’s capital was ₹ 1,02,000 and Jamuna’s capital was ₹ 73,000. Saraswati brings ₹ 25,000 as her share of goodwill and she agrees to contribute proportionate capital to the new firm. How much capital will be brought by Saraswati?
Following is the Balance Sheet of Mukesh and Anil sharing profit and losses in the ratio of 3:2 as on 31st March, 2019.
| Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2019 | |||||
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) | ||
| Capital A/c: | Building | 72,000 | |||
| Mukesh | 80,000 | 1,80,000 | Plant & Machinery | 60,000 | |
| Anil | 1,00,000 | Stock | 48,000 | ||
| Sundry Creditors | 60,000 | Debtors | 42,000 | 40,000 | |
| Bills Payable | 10,000 | Less: RDD | 2,000 | ||
| Bank | 20,000 | ||||
| Furniture | 10,000 | ||||
| 2,50,000 | 2,50,000 | ||||
On 1st April, 2019 Neeta is admitted on the following terms:
- She will pay ₹ 1,00,000 of her capital and ₹ 40,000 as her share of Goodwill.
- The new profit sharing ratio is to be 5 : 3 : 2.
- The assets are to be revalued as under: Building ₹ 1,00,000, Plant & Machinery ₹ 48,000.
- RDD to be increased up to ₹ 4,000.
- The old partners decided to retain half of the amount of goodwill in the business.
- Sundry creditors should be revalued at ₹ 66,000.
Give Revaluation Account, Capitals Accounts and Balance Sheet of New firm.
The following is the Balance sheet of partners Aditya and Chaitanya on 31st March, 2019 they share profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2:
Balance sheet as on 31st march 2019
| Liabilities |
Amount ₹ |
Assets | Amount ₹ |
| Creditors | 60,000 | Building | 30,000 |
| Capital Accounts: | Furniture | 1,800 | |
| Aditya | 42,000 | Machinery | 42,000 |
| Chaitanya | 42,000 | Stock | 24,600 |
| Current Accounts: | Debtors | 54,000 | |
| Aditya | 7,500 | Cash | 6,000 |
| Chaitanya | 6,900 | ||
| 1,58,400 | 1,58,400 |
Adjustments:
They admitted Sachin into partnership on 1st April, 2019 on the following terms:
- Building to be valued at ₹ 36,000, machinery and furniture to be reduced by 10%.
- Sachin should pay ₹ 6,000 as his share of Goodwill. 50% of goodwill withdrawn by partners in cash.
- A provision of 5% on debtors to be made for doubtful debts.
- He should bring ₹ 18,000 as capital for 1/4th share in future profit.
- Stock is to be taken at the value of ₹ 30,000.
Prepare:
- Profit and Loss Adjustment Account.
- Partners’ Current Account.
- Balance Sheet of the New Firm.
Indu, Vijay, and Pawan were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4 : 3 : 3. They admitted Subhash into partnership with effect from 1st April, 2022. New profit sharing ratio among Indu, Vijay, Pawan, and Subhash will be 3 : 3 : 2 : 2. An extract of their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2022, is given below:
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) |
| Investment Fluctuation Reserve |
80,000 | Investment (Market Value ₹ 80,000) |
90,000 |
Which of the following is the correct accounting treatment of ‘investment fluctuation reserve’ at the time of Subhash’s admission?
A, B and C who were sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 4:3:2 decided to share the future profits and losses in the ratio to 2:3:4 with effect from 1st April 2023. An extract of their Balance Sheet as at 31st March 2023 is:
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) |
| Workmen Compensation Reserve | 65,000 |
At the time of reconstitution, a certain amount of Claim on workmen compensation was determined for which B’s share of loss amounted to ₹ 5,000. The Claim for workmen compensation would be:
