Question

Look up the Internet or an encyclopedia for information on the following theory.

Quantum theory

Answer 1

Quantum theory is a branch of physics that explains the behaviour of matter and energy at very small scales, such as atoms and subatomic particles.

It states that energy is not always exchanged continuously. Instead, it is often absorbed or emitted in small fixed amounts called quanta. Quantum theory also shows that tiny particles can behave like both particles and waves.

Important ideas of quantum theory include:

1. Energy exists in discrete packets called quanta.
2. Particles such as electrons can show wave-like behaviour.
3. The exact position and momentum of a particle cannot both be known with complete certainty.
4. At the quantum level, events are often described in terms of probability.

Quantum theory helped scientists understand atomic structure, radiation, lasers, semiconductors, and many modern technologies.