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प्रश्न
Explain the following term/concept.
Capital clauses
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उत्तर
The capital clause mentions the total share capital of the company with which it is registered, i.e. authorized capital. This is the maximum capital which the company is authorised to raise. This clause also mentions types of shares, the face value of each type of shares, their number, etc. This clause further states the rights attached to each class of shares. According to provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, the company is permitted to issue two types of shares, viz. Equity shares and Preference shares. The company has to alter this clause if a company needs more funds than the amount of authorised capital. The Articles of Association of a company gives power to the company to alter its capital clause. A company can alter capital clause by passing an ordinary resolution in the General meeting of the company.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Select the correct answer from the option given below and rewrite the sentence.
Any act done by the company beyond the powers of Memorandum is called as _______.
Match the pairs:
| Group ‘A’ | Group ‘B’ |
| a) Capital clause | 1. Details of capital structure of a company |
| b) Liability clause | 2. Used for multiple issue of shares |
| c) Acts beyond the powers of Memorandum | 3. Abridged Prospectus |
| d) Red Herring Prospectus | 4. Describes main objectives |
| e) Shelf Prospectus | 5. Used for Rights Issue |
| 6. Incomplete Prospectus | |
| 7. Ultra Vires | |
| 8. Doctrine of Indoor management | |
| 9. Extent of liability of members | |
| 10. Articles of Association |
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
Document which contains rules and regulations for internal management.
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
Prospectus used for multiple issue of shares within a year.
Write a word or a term or a phrase which can substitute the following statement:
This prospectus does not contain information about the quantum of shares to be issued or the price at which shares will be issued.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Memorandum of Association describes the nature and character of the company.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Articles of Association is subordinate to Memorandum.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Only public companies can issue Prospectus.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Prospectus must be issued within 1 year from the date of tiling it with the ROC.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Actions can be taken against a company or its officers for misstatements in prospectus.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Every company has to issue shelf prospectus every time it offers shares to the public.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Letter of offer is issued at the time of Rights Issue.
Find the odd one.
Complete the sentence.
Any act done by the company which goes beyond the powers of Memorandum of Association will be calledas _________
Complete the sentence.
The document issued by a company to invite investors to buy its securities is called as _________
Select the correct option from the given options:
| Group A | Group B |
| Liability clause | ___________ |
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion.
Mr. A entered into a contract with Star Limited company and as advance payment gave a cheque of ₹ 1 lac to a Director Mr. Sam. Mr. Sam is not the Managing Director. Articles state that only the MD is authorized to sign any contracts or receive any payments on behalf of the company.
- Did Mr. Sam have the authority to accept the cheque? Why?
- Can Mr. Sam’s action be called as Ultra Vires? Why?
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion:
The object clause of Memorandum of a company stated the main object as the manufacturing of plastic chairs and tables and any other activity in furtherance of achievement of its main activity. The Board of Directors wants to now also produce TV. Serials and feels that the shareholders may give their permission.
a) Can the company with immediate effect start producing TV? Serials? Why?
b) How can the object clause of the company be altered?
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion:
A public limited company has issued all the shares mentioned in its Memorandum as Authorized Capital. Now the Company wants to make a public issue of 10,000 shares at face value of Rs 100 per share, to raise more funds for its expansion activities :
(a) Which clause of Memorandum needs to be altered?
(b) In which meeting the alteration can be approved?
(c) Which document should the company issue to invite the public to buy its shares?
Study the following case/situation and express your opinion:
A company stated in its prospectus that it has been making profits since the last 5 years. However, Mr. X. an investor found out that two years back the company had not made any profit. The prospectus was filed with the ROC on 1 st Jan 2017 and was issued to the public on 10th Feb 2018.
a) Can Mr. X state that there was a misstatement in the prospectus?
b) If found guilty which two types of liability will the company and its officers face?
c) Can the prospectus be valid for issue to the public on 10th Feb 2018?
