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प्रश्न
Answer the following question as briefly as possible and with close reference to the relevant text.
Discuss how in the poem Dover Beach the poet, Mathew Arnold, reposes faith in love as a beam of hope amidst the surrounding despair.
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उत्तर
The poem 'Dover Beach' by Mathew Arnold examines religious faith being undermined by scientific research and intellectual inquiry. He feels unquestioning faith in Christianity is diminishing, unable to withstand the surging tide of scientific discovery. Gripped with a sense of alienation, doubt, and resultant melancholy, the world requires a solution and that, according to the poet, is faith in love and hope amidst the surrounding despair. Sophocles had heard, "the eternal note of sadness", witnessing the fall of faith in the classical Greek Gods; the same possibility looms ahead for Christian God. He laments that faith once made the world "full" and ''bright'; it offered comfort and joy. Its loss leads to" melancholy." "Sea of Faith" once spread across the entire world, which is now "withdrawing." This global loss will herald "confused alarms of struggle and flight," and "ignorant armies clash[ing] by night.''. With religion losing its grip and causing a crisis of spiritual faith, the speaker feels only love is an answer for the loss of God. "Ah, love, let us be true to one another!" This suggests that love for one another may compensate for the loss of the connection between God and mankind.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the following extract and complete the note with the help of the clues provided :
Vitamins are either fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (B vitamins, including niacin, folic acid and riboflavin, and vitamin C). They consist mainly of the elements nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in bod)' fat, while water-soluble vita1nins are used or quickly excreted in the urine.
Vitamin A is essential for the eyes, skin, hair, and bones; the B vitamins help enzymes to function; C is essential for the formation of collagen; D helps the body absorb calcium; E prevents cell damage, and K helps blood clotting. Most vitamins cannot be produced by the body and so must be obtained directly from food.
VITAMINS
| Vitamins are obtained from | |
| B Vitamins | Fat-soluble |
| Vitamins consist of | 1. 2. Oxygen 3. 4. Hydrogen |
| Vitamin A B C D E K |
Essential for eyes, skin, etc. Formation of collagen Prevents cell damage |
A1. Choose two sentences that appropriately mention the theme of the passage :
(1) The extract deals with the writer’s concern over Chaitanya's handicap.
(2) The extract depicts the writer’s proud feelings towards her son’s achievement.
(3) The extract deals with how Chaitanya made the writer see positively towards life.
(4) The extract deals with how the writer helps Chaitanya to buy the bus ticket.
Early in 1997-98, when he returned from state-level inter-school sports, he had two prizes to his credit and a silver medal. He had won his laurels in athletic events and the silver medal in a running race.
When I saw the prizes and read the citation Chaitanya had received, I was stupefied, in total disbelief, then–hugged him, kissed him and cried unabashedly to my heart’s content. That day, I cried for the first time out of joy and a sense of being vindicated. Without practice, he had competed with approximately 1,800 children drawn from various schools all over the state. He was subsequently selected for the marathon race, but he could not participate due to a health problem. “Maybe next year, he would”, I assured myself. And I, as his proud mother, would proudly chronicle his future achievements and success to inspire other - mothers of the world.
Looking back at my own life, I feel that it is the spirit with which we can accept our life gracefully is what
matters ultimately; and it is love that nourishes us. All other things are unimportant. Chaitanya has made me look inwards. His handicap doesn’t disturb me any longer. He and I shall live with it and still be happy. The mental strength which he has given to me is inexhaustible.
One day, as both of us got onto a public transport bus, Chaitanya offered to buy the tickets for us.
“One full, one half ”, he said to the conductor beaming with joy.
Looking at him, I wondered whether he was really only a half? An incomplete person? Was I really full?
Complete in all respects? Why do then normal people feel that they are ‘full’ and others like Chaitanya are ‘half’ or incomplete? Chaitanya’s world is complete in itself, pure and innocent while our lives are full of deceit, jealousies, ill-feelings.
A2. Point out -
Point out two instances where you find Chaitanya's victory over his disability.
A3. Give reasons -
Chaitanya’s silver medal in a running race was very special for the writer, because :
(i) __________________
(ii) __________________
A4. Vocabulary -
Match the pairs of the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’:
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ | ||
| (1) | stupefied | (a) | official statement about the special act of courage |
| (2) | chronicle | (b) | record events in the order they happened |
| (3) | vindicated | (c) | surprised or shocked |
| (4) | citation | (d) | justified |
A5. Personal response -
Explain, your views about the ill-treatment the special children receive in society.
A6. Grammar -
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :
(i) He had won his laurels in athletic events and the silver medal in a running race.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘not only...but also’.)
(ii) When I saw the prizes, I was stupefied.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘No sooner.... than’.)
Whose family has been referred to earlier in the context?
What do you think of the old man’s point of view?
How does the hyphen and font help to advance the theme?
What kinds of stories captivated the young minds in the past?
What is the free bird metaphor for.
It was roses, roses, all the way,
With myrtle mixed in my path like mad;
The house-roofs seemed to heave and sway,
The church-spires flamed, such flags they had,
A year ago on this very day.
Read the above lines and answer the question that follow.
When was the patriot welcomed?
In how many ways was this Olympic special? Explain?
What are the techniques used by Ruskin Bond to create an atmosphere of strangeness, mystery and super naturalism in the story? Can Ruskin Bond be called a visual writer? Why?
How does G. K. Chesterton in his essay On Running after one's Hat, romanticize difficult situations by dwelling on the notion that "An inconvenience is only an adventure wrongly considered'"?
The following words used in the text as ship terminology are also commonly used in another sense. In what contexts would you use the other meaning?
| Knot | stern | boom | hatch | anchor |
Give reasons for the following.
Howard Carter’s investigation was resented.
Why are the last two lines put within brackets?
Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
-
Remove
-
slackers
-
muck
-
kept in
-
got carried away
-
cut
-
sadist
-
shrivelled up
How does Mammachi stand out as an independent resilient woman in the text?
There are quite a few places where the author uses the expressions 'my heart sank', 'panic seized' etc. What was the reason for this?
State whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
Hero-worship leads to dictatorship.
Choose the correct alternative for the given line. Focus on the inference of the poet.
‘Earth has not anything to show more fair:’
The line means - _________________.
Think and write in your own words.
How can the tender maiden Autumn become a full-grown woman? What change in nature does this imply?
Imagine you are the lion and someone is interviewing you.
Write the answer to the following question.
Who were your companions on the way to Oz?
Fill in the blank with choosing the preposition from the option.
He noticed the creeper ______ the foot of the tree.
Fill in the blank with choosing the preposition from the option.
This tree was the home a flock ______ wild geese.
Why did they sympathize with the first patient?
What kind of relationship existed between Miss Meadows and the Science Mistress?
Fill in the following forms with imaginary details.
You are a regular visitor to your school library. Describe your library. Give details of the familiar sights. What do you see and feel as different students come irt and check out the books? Why is this place so important?
Imagine you are a tourist guide at Sindhudurg. Write two sentences each about the following points to help foreign tourists.
- About the place: History, languages spoken, special attractions
- Food: speciality, local delicacies, options (Indian, continental)
- Shopping: authenticity of local artefacts, price, variety
Imagine someone has invited your family to a programme and you were the only person at home when the invitation was given orally.
Write a note (4-5 lines) to pass on the message to the other people in your family. Or, write an imaginary conversation in which you pass on the message to your parents.
