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प्रश्न
Describe in brief, an account of disorders of the adrenal gland.
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उत्तर
Disorders of adrenal cortical secretions are caused due to hyposecretion and hypersecretion of adrenal corticoid hormones.
- Addison’s disease: It is caused due to Hyposecretion of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids (hormone secreted adrenal cortex). It is characterized by low blood sugar, low Na+, and high K+ concentration in plasma increased loss of Na+ and water in urine. It leads to weight loss, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.
- Cushing’s disease: It is caused due to Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids (a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex). It leads to high blood sugar levels, excretion of glucose in the urine, rise in Na+ level in the blood, high blood pressure, obesity, and wasting of limb muscles.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
The catecholamines are secreted by _________.
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The diagram given below represents the location and structure of an endocrine gland. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:
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- Name the endocrine gland shown in the diagram.
- Name the secretion of the gland which regulates basal metabolism.
- Name the mineral element required for the synthesis of the above mentioned hormone.
- Name the disease caused due to undersecretion of the above mentioned hormone in children.
- Name the disease caused due to hypersecretion of the above mentioned hormone.
Rewrite the correct form of the statement: Cretinism is caused due to deficiency of Adrenaline.
Identify the odd one in the following and mention what the rest is:
Mention which of the statements are true (T) and which are false (F). Give reason in support of your answer.
Adrenaline is often described as emergency hormone
Complete the following table by filling in the blanks numbered 1 to 7.
| Gland | Hormone secreted | Effect on body |
| (1) ______ | (2) ______ | Regulates basal metabolism |
| Pancreas ("beta" cells) | (3) ______ | Controls blood sugar |
| (4) ______ | (5) ______ | Increases heart beat |
| (6) ______ | Thyroid stimulating hormone | (7) ______ |
Is the following gland an exocrine or an endocrine gland?
Adrenal
Answer the questions after observing the diagram given below.
- What acts as the first messenger?
- Why can’t hormones like catecholamines enter their target cells through plasma membrane?
- Name the mode of hormone action shown in the diagram.
Give an account of secretion of various parts of Adrenal cortex.
Distinguish between the following pair:
Addison's disease and cushing's syndrome (cause and sugar level)
