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प्रश्न
Define the following term:
Commensalism
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उत्तर १
An interaction in which one species benefits while the other is neither benefited nor harmed is called commensalism.
उत्तर २
Commensalism is the interaction between two living individuals of different species in which one is benefited while the other is neither harmed nor benefited except to a negligible extent.
संबंधित प्रश्न
What is mutualism?
State Gause’s competitive exclusion principle.
Mention any two examples where the organisms involved are commercially exploited in agriculture.
Define the Stenothermal organisms.
The cattle egret and grazing cattle in close association is a classic example of ______.
The number of deaths under ideal conditions is known as ______.
What is Mortality? What are its two types?
Explain any three important characteristics of population.
Using '-' to depict inhibition and '+' to depict benefit, mutualism between two species can be represented as ____________.
Brood parasitism is best explained by the example of ____________.
Select the CORRECT match:
| I | II | ||
| i. | Competition | a. | Lichen |
| ii. | Commensalism | b. | Sea anemone and clownfish |
| iii. | Mutualism | c. | Lions and Leopards |
Identify the type of negative interaction.
A protozoan living in the digestive tract of a flea that lives on a dog is an example of ______
Exarch xylem is found in:
Amensalism can be represented as ______
Lichens are association of ______.
What is brood parasitism? Explain with the help of an example.
In an association of two animal species, one is a termite which feeds on wood and the other is a protozoan Trichonympha present in the gut of the termite. What type of association they establish?
Lianas are vascular plants rooted in the ground and maintain erectness of their stem by making use of other trees for support. They do not maintain direct relation with those trees. Discuss the type of association the lianas have with the trees.
Give one example for the following type.
Phytophagous animal
Observe the set of 4 figures A, B, C and D and, answer the following questions
- Which one of the figures shows mutualism?
- What kind of association is shown in D?
- Name the organisms and the association in C.
- What role is the insect performing in B?
 Fig. (A) |
 Fig. (B) |
 Fig. (C) |
 Fig. (D) |
In an aquarium two herbivorous species of fish are living together and feeding on phytoplanktons. As per the Gause’s Principle, one of the species is to be eliminated in due course of time, but both are surviving well in the aquarium. Give possible reasons.
Give one example for the following:
A parasitic angiosperm
Write the observations made at the end of Connell's field, experiment on barnacles on the rocky sea coasts of Scotland.
Complete the following chart regarding population interaction and re-write:
| Sr. No. | Name of interaction | Interaction between |
| 1. | ? | Plasmodium and Man |
| 2. | ? | Leopard and Lion |
| 3. | ? | Clownfish and Sea-anemone |
A bird laying its egg in the nest of another bird is the type of ______.
A Tight one-to-one relationship between many species of fig tree and certain wasps is an example of ______.
Many copepods live on the body surface of marine fish. This relationship is an example of ______.
"Some species of insects and frogs have evolved with various specific features that help them from being detected."
- Justify the statement giving reasons.
- Mention any two such features.
Observe the graph given below.
|
The graph represents inter-specific interaction between two species of Paramecia competing for the same resource in a culture medium. Paramecium caudatum and Paramecium aurelia were grown in separate cultures as well as in mixed cultures. It was found that each species grew in numbers according to the logistic equation.
|
a) Which species is competitively superior? Support it with the data provided in the graph.
b) State the underlying principle for the above result and name the scientist associated with this principle.
c) Explain the mechanism in which two or more species competing with each other can co-exist.
OR
Graphs A and B shown below depict interaction of two species. Which graph indicates Mutualism? Give reason.
 |
 |
| A | B |
What are the special adaptations that endoparasites show?
The diagram given below shows the life cycle of a malarial parasite. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follows:
- Name the hosts in which the asexual phase and sexual phase of the life cycle takes place.
- Identify the infective stage labelled ‘D’.
- Name the structure labelled ‘A’ and ‘E’.
- Give any one symptom of malaria.
Explain one type of mutualism.
Which one of the following statement INCORRECT regarding competition?
Statement I: Gause’s competitive exclusion principle states that two closely related species competing for different resources cannot exist indefinitely.
Statement II: According to Gause’s principle, during competition, the inferior will be eliminated. This may be true if resources are limiting.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Parasitism is an interaction between two organisms in which ______.
