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प्रश्न
"Some species of insects and frogs have evolved with various specific features that help them from being detected."
- Justify the statement giving reasons.
- Mention any two such features.
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उत्तर
(a) Prey species have evolved various defences to lessen the impact of predation. Some species of insects and frogs are cryptically coloured (camouflaged) to avoid being detected easily by the predator. Some are poisonous and therefore avoided by predators.
(b) (i) The Monarch butterfly is highly distasteful to its predator (bird) because of a special chemical present in its body. Interestingly, the butterfly acquires this chemical during its caterpillar stage by feeding on a poisonous weed.
(b) (ii) Weed Calotropis growing in abandoned fields. The plant produces highly poisonous cardiac glycosides and that is why you never see any cattle or goats browsing on this plant. A wide variety of chemical substances that we extract from plants on a commercial scale (nicotine, caffeine, quinine, strychnine, opium, etc.,) are produced by them actually as defences against grazers and browsers.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Define the following term:
Commensalism
Select the statement which explains best parasitism.
With the help of a suitable diagram, describe the logistic population growth curve.
Explain different population interactions with examples.
What is population interaction? Explain the interactions in Mutualism and Competition.
With the decline in the population of fig species it was noticed that the population of wasp species also started to decline. What is the relationship between the two and what could be the possible reason for decline of wasps?
Amensalism is an association between two species where ______.
Give one example for the following type.
Chemical defense agent
Observe the graph given below.
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The graph represents inter-specific interaction between two species of Paramecia competing for the same resource in a culture medium. Paramecium caudatum and Paramecium aurelia were grown in separate cultures as well as in mixed cultures. It was found that each species grew in numbers according to the logistic equation.
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a) Which species is competitively superior? Support it with the data provided in the graph.
b) State the underlying principle for the above result and name the scientist associated with this principle.
c) Explain the mechanism in which two or more species competing with each other can co-exist.
OR
Graphs A and B shown below depict interaction of two species. Which graph indicates Mutualism? Give reason.
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| A | B |
Given below are two statements.
Statement I - The amount of energy available in an ecosystem increases at each successive trophic level.
Statement II - Transfer of energy from one trophic level to the other follows 10% law.
In light of the above statements, select the correct option given below.
