Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
A boy lifts a load of 40 kgf through a vertical height of 2m in 5s by using a single fixed pulley when he applies an effort of 48 kgf. Calculate:
(i) the mechanical advantage, and
(ii) the efficiency of the pulley. Why is the efficiency of the pulley is not 100%?
(iii) the energy gained by the load in 5s, and
(iv) the power developed by the boy in raising the load.
Advertisements
उत्तर
Given:
L = 40 kgf,
dL = 2m,
t = 5 s,
E = 48 Kgf.
(i) Mechanical advantage (M.A.) =`"L"/"E"=40/48=5/6=0.833`
(ii) If the effort moves a distance d downwards, the load also moves a distance d upwards. So velocity ratio (V.R.) = d/d = 1,
Efficiency = `"M.A."/"V.R."=0.833/1`
= 0.833 (or 83.3%).
The efficiency of the pulley is not 100% because some energy is wasted in overcoming the friction in the pulley bearings.
(iii) The energy gained by the load in 5s = Load × Displacement of load in 5s
= 40 kgf × 2m
= 80 kgf × m.
(iv) Power developed by the boy =`"Effort×Displacement of effort"/"Time"=(48"kgf"×2"m")/(5"s")`
= 19.2 kgf × ms−1.
संबंधित प्रश्न
What is the mechanical advantage of an ideal pulley?
What is the justification for using the pulley then ?
Answer the following in detail.
How does a pulley make work simpler?
Define the following term in reference to a gear system for Gain in speed ?
The diagram below shows an arrangement of three pulleys A, B, and C. The load is marked as L and the effort as E.
- Name the Pulleys A, B, and C.
- Mark in the diagram the directions of load (L), effort (E) and tension T1 and T2 in the two strings.
- How are the magnitudes of L and E related to the tension T1?
- Calculate the mechanical advantage and velocity ratio of the arrangement.
- What assumptions have you made in parts (c) and (d)?
Give reason for the following:
The lower block of a block and tackle pulley system must be of negligible weight
Give a reason for the following:
In a single fixed pulley, the velocity ratio is always more than the mechanical advantage.
There is no gain in mechanical advantage in the case of a single fixed pulley. Explain, why the pulley is then used?
What is a block and tackle system of pulleys? What precautions would you observe while rounding the string so that the effort is applied in the downward direction?
A block and tackle system of pulleys has a velocity ratio of 4.
- Draw a labelled diagram of the system indicating clearly the direction of the load and effort.
- Calculate the potential energy of the load 100 kgf lifted by this pulley to a height 5 m. (g = 10 ms−2)
