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प्रश्न
1 mole of liquid A and 2 moles of liquid B make a solution having a total vapour pressure of 40 torr. The vapour pressure of pure A and pure B are 45 torr and 30 torr, respectively. The above solution ______.
विकल्प
is an ideal solution
shows positive deviation
shows negative deviation
is a maximum boiling azeotrope
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उत्तर
1 mole of liquid A and 2 moles of liquid B make a solution having a total vapour pressure of 40 torr. The vapour pressure of pure A and pure B are 45 torr and 30 torr, respectively. The above solution shows positive deviation.
Explanation:
If the actual pressure is lower than the expected pressure, the solution will have a negative deviation. If the actual pressure is greater than the expected pressure, the solution will display a positive deviation. If the actual pressure equals the expected pressure, the solution will be ideal.
XA = `1/(1 + 2) = 1/3`
XB = `2/(1 + 2) = 2/3`
PT = `"P"_"A"^0 xx "A" + "P"_"B"^0 xx "B"`
= `45 xx 1/3 + 30 xx 2/3`
= 35 torr
However, the actual pressure i.e. 40 torr, is greater than the expected pressure. As a result, the solution will have a positive deviation.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Vapour pressure of pure acetone and chloroform at 328 K are 741.8 mm Hg and 632.8 mm Hg respectively. Assuming that they form ideal solution over the entire range of composition, plot Ptotal, `P_"chloroform"` and `P_"acetone"` as a function of `chi_"acetone"`. The experimental data observed for different compositions of mixtures is:
| `bb(100 xx chi_"acetone")` | `bb(P_"acetone"//"mm Hg")` | `bb(P_"chloroform"//"mm Hg")` |
| 0 | 0 | 632.8 |
| 11.8 | 54.9 | 548.1 |
| 23.4 | 110.1 | 469.4 |
| 36.0 | 202.4 | 359.7 |
| 50.8 | 322.7 | 257.7 |
| 58.2 | 405.9 | 193.6 |
| 64.5 | 454.1 | 161.2 |
| 72.1 | 521.1 | 120.7 |
Plot this data also on the same graph paper. Indicate whether it has a positive or negative deviation from the ideal solution.
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Concentration terms such as mass percentage, ppm, mole fraction and molality are independent of temperature, however molarity is a function of temperature. Explain.
Explain the terms ideal and non-ideal solutions in the light of forces of interactions operating between molecules in liquid solutions.
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Reason (R): For an ideal solution the interaction between solute and solvent molecules is stronger than the interactions between solute-solute or solvent-solvent molecules.
Suggest the most important type of intermolecular attractive interaction in the following pair:
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