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Maharashtra State BoardSSC (English Medium) 10th Standard
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पाठ्यक्रम

Indian Film Industry

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Notes

Indian Film Industry - Cinema: 

  • Art and technology are combined in the discipline of cinema.
  • The film industry emerged with the development of motion image technology.
  • The silent film era began as a result of it. Later, sound recording equipment was developed, and the era of sound movies was started. 
  • Maharashtra has the privilege of producing and distributing the first feature-length film. Maharashtra is credited for establishing the Indian cinema industry. 
  • The growth of Indian cinema is greatly helped by the contributions of Madanrao Madhavrao Pitale, the Patwardhan family of Kalyan, and Harishchandra Sakharam Bhatvadekar, commonly known as Savedada. 
  • Later, a custom of producing films about historical and mythical topics developed. 

Contributions of various people in Indian Cinema:

6. Entertainment and History

Dadasaheb Torane

1. Dadasaheb Torane:

  • Gopal Ramchandra Torane (Dadasaheb Torane) along with A. P. Karandikar, S. N. Patankar, and V. P. Divekar, produced the film "Pundalik" with the aid of foreign professionals.
  • In 1912, Mumbai witnessed the release of the "Pundalik" movie.

Dadasaheb Phalke

2. Dadasaheb Phalke:

  • Dadasaheb Phalke is known as "The Father of Indian Cinema".
  • Dadasaheb Phalke's first debut film, "Raja Harischandra" was India's first full-length feature film released in 1913. 
  • He made 95 feature-length films and 27 short films in his career, including his most noted works:
    1. Mohini Bhasmasur (1913) - Silent film, 
    2. Satyavan Savitri (1914) - Silent film, 
    3. Lanka Dahan (1917), 
    4. Shri Krishna Janma (1918) and 
    5. Kaliya Mardan (1919).
  • Additionally, he produced documentaries about the Verul rock-cut caves and the pilgrimage sites of Nashik and Tryambakeshwar.
  • The Dadasaheb Phalke Award, awarded for lifetime contribution to cinema by the Government of India, is named in his honour.

The unforgettable Baburao Painter

Baburao Painter

3. Anandrao Painter and Baburao Painter:

  • Anandrao Painter was the first to create an Indian-made cine camera. 
  • Baburao Painter (also known as Mistri) also got interested in the making of movies. 
  • Baburao Painter selected filmography:
  1. Sairandhri (1918) - Historical movie and became the first Indian film to undergo censorship.
  2. Kalyan Khajina (1924): This film won a medal at the British Empire Exhibition in Wembley, London.
  3. Bajiprabhu Deshapande
  4. Netaji Palkar
  5. Savakari Pash (1925) - Considered to be Painter's artistic masterpiece, India's first social genre film 
 

4. Kamalabai Mangarulkar:

  • Kamalabai Mangarulkar was the first woman producer. She produced "Savalya Tandel" and "Panaa Dai" (Hindi).

Prabhat Film Company

5. Prabhat Film Company:

  • Prabhat Film Company (popularly known as Prabhat Films) was an Indian film production company and film studio founded in 1929 by the noted film director V. Shantaram and his friends.
  • Ramshastri, a 1944 film by Prabhat Company, was a huge hit.

Other Important contribution to Indian Cinema:

  • The "Bajirao-Mastani" movie made by Bhalaji Pendharkar in 1925.  British authorities believed it to be a spreading patriotic sentiment and it was prohibited.
  • Prahlad Keshav Atre (popularly known as Acharya Atre) made a movie on the life of Mahatma Phule.
  • "Vasudev Balwant Phadke" was the subject of a film directed by Vishram Bedekar.
  • "Dhanya te Santaji Dhanaji" is a film directed by Dinakar D. Patil.
  • A special mention should also be made of Prabhakar Pendharkar's film "Bal Shivaji".

Historical movies were also made in Hindi:

Movies in the Pre-Independence period Movies on the Indian struggle for Independence 
  1. Sikandar 
  2. Tansen 
  3. Samrat Chandragupta 
  4. Prithvivallabha 
  5. Mughal-e-Azam 
  6. Dr Kotanis ki Amar Kahani 
  1. Andolan 
  2. Zansi ki Rani 

Important production studios:

  1. Bombay Talkies 
  2. Rajkamal Productions  
  3. R.K. Studios  
  4. Navketan
Maharashtra State Board: Class 10

Key Points: Indian Film Industry

  • Cinema combines art and technology and developed from silent films to sound films.
  • Maharashtra played a key role in the growth of Indian cinema through early pioneers.
  • Pundalik (1912) was released in Mumbai, and Raja Harischandra (1913) was the first film fully made in India.
  • Dadasaheb Phalke made several silent films and documentaries on historical and religious subjects.
  • Baburao Painter produced important historical and social films, such as Sairandhri and Savakari Pash.
  • Some films were banned by the British, and Kamalabai Mangarulkar became the first woman producer.
  • Indian cinema grew further with famous films and major production studios.
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