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Why was the task of defining minority rights in the Constituent Assembly difficult? Choose the correct option from the following:
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Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
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The world beyond the palace Just as the Buddha’s teachings were compiled by his followers, the teachings of Mahavira were also recorded by his disciples. These were often in the form of stories, which could appeal to ordinary people. Here is one example, from a Prakrit text known as the Uttaradhyayana Sutta, describing how a queen named Kamalavati tried to persuade her husband to renounce the world: If the whole world and all its treasures were yours, you would not be satisfied, nor would all this be able to save you. When you die, O king and leave all things behind, dhamma alone, and nothing else, will save you. As a bird dislikes the cage, so do I dislike (the world). I shall live as a nun without offspring, without desire, without the love of gain, and without hatred …Those who have enjoyed pleasures and renounced them, move about like the wind, and go wherever they please, unchecked like birds in their flight … Leave your large kingdom … abandon what pleases the senses, be without attachment and property, then practise severe penance, being firm of energy … |
- Identify the person who persuaded the king to renounce the world.
- “Oh king, dhamma alone and nothing else will save you”-. What does the word “dhamma” signifies and whose teachings was followed by the disciple.
- Under which context the following statement “unchecked like birds in their flight…” was told by the disciple of Mahavira?
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Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow.
|
The world beyond the palace Just as the Buddha’s teachings were compiled by his followers, the teachings of Mahavira were also recorded by his disciples. These were often in the form of stories, which could appeal to ordinary people. Here is one example, from a Prakrit text known as the Uttaradhyayana Sutta, describing how a queen named Kamalavati tried to persuade her husband to renounce the world: If the whole world and all its treasures were yours, you would not be satisfied, nor would all this be able to save you. When you die, O king and leave all things behind, dhamma alone, and nothing else, will save you. As a bird dislikes the cage, so do I dislike (the world). I shall live as a nun without offspring, without desire, without the love of gain, and without hatred …Those who have enjoyed pleasures and renounced them, move about like the wind, and go wherever they please, unchecked like birds in their flight … Leave your large kingdom … abandon what pleases the senses, be without attachment and property, then practise severe penance, being firm of energy…. |
- Identify the person who persuaded the king to renounce the world.
- “Oh king, dhamma alone and nothing else will save you”-. What does the word “dhamma” signifies and whose teachings was followed by the disciple.
- Under which context the following statement “unchecked like birds in their flight…….” was told by the disciple of Mahavira?
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Answer in 100-150 words
Compare and contrast the list of things given to the Pandyan chief (Source 3) with those produced in the village of Danguna (source 8). Do you notice any similarities and differences?
Source 3 :- (The Pandya chief Senguttuvan visits the forest)
This is an excerpt from the Silappadikaram, an epic written in Tamil:-
(When he visited the forest) people came down the mountain, singing and dancing ... just as the defeated show respect to the victorious king, so did they bring gifts – ivory, fragrant wood, fans made of the hair of deer, honey, sandalwood, red ochre,
antimony, turmeric, cardamom, pepper, etc. ... they brought coconuts, mangoes, medicinal plants, fruits, onions, sugarcane, flowers, areca nut, bananas, baby tigers, lions, elephants, monkeys, bear, deer, musk deer, fox, peacocks, musk cat, wild cocks, speaking parrots, etc. ...
Source 8 :- (Prabhavati Gupta and the village of Danguna)
This is what Prabhavati Gupta states in her inscription:- Prabhavati Gupta … commands the gramakutumbinas (householders/peasants living in the village), Brahmanas and others living in the village of Danguna ...
“Be it known to you that on the twelfth (lunar day) of the bright (fortnight) of Karttika, we have, in order to increase our religious merit donated this village with the pouring out of water, to the Acharya (teacher) Chanalasvamin … You should obey all (his) commands ...
We confer on (him) the following exemptions typical of an agrahara …(this village is) not to be entered by soldiers and policemen; (it is) exempt from (the obligation to provide) grass, (animal) hides as seats, and charcoal (to touring royal officers); exempt from (the royal prerogative of) purchasing fermenting liquors and digging (salt); exempt from (the right to) mines and khadira trees; exempt from (the obligation to supply) flowers and milk; (it is donated) together with (the right to) hidden treasures and deposits (and) together with major and minor taxes ...”
This charter has been written in the thirteenth (regnal) year. (It has been) engraved by Chakradasa.
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Write a short essay (about 500 words) on the following:
Discuss the notions of kingship that developed in the post-Mauryan period.
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Write a short essay (about 500 words) on the following:
How important were gender differences in early societies? Give reasons for your answer.
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Write a short essay (250-300 words) on the following:
What are the problems of using official sources in writing about the history of peasants?
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Write a short essay (about 250-300 words) on the following:-
Discuss Al-Biruni’s understanding of the caste system.
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Answer in 100-150 Words
What Steps Did the British Take to Quell the Uprising?
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Answer In 100-150 words
What do you think was the significance of the rituals associated with the mahanavami dibba?
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Write a Short Essay (About 250-300 Words) on the Following:
Discuss whether the term “royal centre” is an appropriate description for the part of the city for which it is used.
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Write a Short Essay (About 250-300 Words) on the Following:-
What does the architecture of buildings like the Lotus Mahal and elephant stables tell us about the rulers who commissioned them?
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Answer in 100-150 Words
How Did Prominent Indian Merchants Establish Themselves in the Colonial City?
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Answer in 100-150 Words
Examine How Concerns of Defence and Health Gave Shape to Calcutta.
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Answer in 100-150 Words
What Are the Different Colonial Architectural Styles Which Can Be Seen in Bombay City?
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Write a short essay (250-300 words) on the following:
What were the concerns that influenced town planning in the nineteenth century?
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Write a short essay (about 250-300 words) on the following:
How were the lives of forest dwellers transformed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
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Map work
On an outline map of India, trace the major rivers and hill ranges. Plot ten cities mentioned in the chapter, including Bombay, Calcutta and Madras, and prepare a brief note on why the importance of any two cities that you have marked (one colonial and one pre-colonial) changed in the nineteenth century.
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Answer in 100-150 Words
What were Mahatma Gandhi’s arguments against Partition?
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Answer in 100-150 Words
What Were the Arguments in Favour of Greater Power to the Provinces?
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