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Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non-volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.
Concept: Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass >> Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
0.01 m aqueous formic acid solution freezes at – 0.021°C. Calculate its degree of dissociation, Kf = 1.86 K kg mol–1.
Concept: Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
Write the SI unit of the cryoscopic constant.
Concept: Relative Molecular Mass >> Depression in Freezing Point
Calculate the mole fraction of solute, if the vapour pressure of pure benzene at a certain temperature is 640 mmHg and the vapour pressure of a solution of a solute in benzene is 600 mmHg.
Concept: Vapour Pressure Lowering
How will you determine the molar mass of non-volatile solute by elevation of boiling point?
Concept: Relative Molecular Mass >> Boiling Point Elevation
Derive the relation between freezing point depression and molar mass of solute.
Concept: Relative Molecular Mass >> Depression in Freezing Point
How will you determine molar mass of solute from osmotic pressure?
Concept: Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass >> Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
How will you determine molar mass of solute from osmotic pressure?
Concept: Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass >> Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
Write the condition of reverse osmosis.
Concept: Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass >> Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
Write the condition of reverse osmosis.
Concept: Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass >> Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
Henry's constant for \[\ce{CH3Br_{(g)}}\] is 0.159 mol dm−3 bar−1 25°C. Calculate its solubility in water at 25°C, if its partial pressure is 0.164 bar.
Concept: Solubility
Define enthalpy of sublimation.
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> Enthalpy of Bond Dissociation
How is enthalpy of sublimation related to enthalpy of fusion and enthalpy of vaporization?
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> Internal Energy and Enthalpy
Calculate C-Cl bond enthalpy from following reaction:
CH3Cl(g) + Cl2(g) → Ch2Cl2(g) + HCl(g) ΔH° = -104KJ
If C-H, Cl-Cl and H-Cl bond enthalpies are 414, 243 and 431 KJ-Mol-1 respectively.
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> Enthalpy of Bond Dissociation
Absolute entropies of solids, liquids and gases can be determined by
- Measuring heat capacity of substance at various temperatures
- Subtracting standard entropy of reactants from products
- Measuring vibrational motion of molecules
- Using formula ΔS° = ST° - SO°
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> Work, Heat, Energy, Extensive and Intensive Properties
Amongst the following identify the criterion for a process to be at equilibrium -
- ΔG < 0
- ΔG > 0
- ΔStotal=0
- ΔS < 0
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> Equilibrium Constant
Define the Enthalpy of fusion
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> Internal Energy and Enthalpy
Determine whether the reactions with the following ΔH and ΔS values are spontaneous or non-spontaneous. State whether the reactions are exothermic or endothermic.
(a) ΔH = -110kJ, ΔS = + 40JK-1 at 400 K
(b) ΔH = + 40kJ, ΔS = -120JK-1 at 250K
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> Work, Heat, Energy, Extensive and Intensive Properties
Write one statement of first law of thermodyamics and its mathematical expression.
Concept: Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetic >> First Law of Thermodynamics
