Question

Write the geometrical isomers of [CoCl₂(en)(NH₃)₂]⁺.

Answer 1

1. The complex [CoCl₂(en)(NH₃)₂]⁺ shows geometrical isomerism because of the different possible spatial arrangements of the ligands around the octahedral cobalt ion. The two chlorido (Cl⁻) ligands can occupy either adjacent (cis) or opposite (trans) positions.
2. In the cis-isomer, the two chloride ligands are positioned next to each other at a 90° angle. This causes the ethylenediamine (en) and the two ammonia (NH₃) ligands to adjust their positions accordingly.
3. In the trans-isomer, the two chloride ligands are positioned opposite each other at a 180° angle, with the ethylenediamine and ammonia ligands filling the other positions.
4. These two arrangements create distinct isomers with different physical and chemical properties.