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Question
Why the ground-state electronic configurations of gadolinium and lawrentium are different than expected?
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Solution
Gadolinium and lawrentium show different ground-state electronic configurations because the 5d and 4f orbitals are near to the same energy due to which the next electron goes in 5d orbital instead of 4f orbital. This retains the extra stability achieved when the 4f orbital is half-filled and completely filled respectively. Thus, the 5d orbital contains one electron in the case of gadolinium and lawrentium.
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