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Question
Which are main types of cell-division? What are the differences?
Distinguish Between
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Solution
The two main types of cell division found in living organisms are Mitosis and Meiosis.
| Feature | Mitosis | Meiosis |
| Purpose | Growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction. | Production of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction. |
| Location | Occurs in somatic (body) cells (e.g., skin, muscle, liver). | Occurs in germ cells within reproductive organs (testes and ovaries). |
| Number of Divisions | Consists of one nuclear division cycle. | Consists of two consecutive nuclear divisions (Meiosis I and II). |
| Daughter Cells | Produces two daughter cells. | Produces four daughter cells. |
| Genetic Composition | Daughter cells are genetically identical clones of the parent cell. | Daughter cells are genetically unique due to crossing over and independent assortment. |
| Chromosome Number | Maintains diploid (2n) number (same as parent). | Halves the chromosome number to a haploid (n). |
| Crossing Over | Does not occur. | Occurs during Prophase I, when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. |
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