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Question
What is the oxidation number of the underlined elements in the following and how do you rationalise your results?
CH3COOH
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Solution
CH3COOH
2 (x) + 4 (+1) + 2 (−2) = 0
2x + 4 − 4 = 0
2x = 0
x = 0
However, 0 is average O.N. of C. The two carbon atoms present in this molecule are present in different environments. Hence, they cannot have the same oxidation number.
Thus, C exhibits the oxidation states of +2 and –2 in CH3COOH.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{.....}\ce{O}\phantom{.......}\\
|\phantom{......}||\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{H - C^{+2} - C^{-2} - O - H}\\
|\phantom{..............}\\
\ce{H}\phantom{..............}
\end{array}\]
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