Question

What is a major difference between the First and Second Urbanisation in ancient India?

Options

• First Urbanisation relied on iron tools while Second did not

• Second Urbanisation was marked by agricultural expansion and larger kingdoms

• Both phases occurred in the same geographical region

• Trade with Mesopotamia began only in the Second Urbanisation

Answer 1

Second Urbanisation was marked by agricultural expansion and larger kingdoms

Explanation:

The Second Urbanisation was characterized by agricultural expansion, use of iron tools, and the rise of Mahajanapadas (large kingdoms), while the First Urbanisation featured cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-daro with advanced urban planning but not large territorial states.