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Question
Legal Principle: A person who keeps hazardous substances in his premises, is responsible for the fault if that substance escapes in any manner and causes damage.
Facts: A, an industrialist stored 1000 litres of liquid ammonia in a tank in his premises for his industrial use. There was a leakage from the tank due to which there was ammonia vapour in the surroundings. Many workers in other industries, as well as his own industry and some members from the public, suffered serious health hazards. Examine the liability of A, if any.
Options
A may be liable for the injury sustained by his workers only and not others.
A is liable as he is responsible for the injury caused by the leakage of ammonia from his premises.
A is not liable because there was no fault on his part for the escape of the dangerous substance.
A is not liable because he did not expect a leakage from the tank.
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Solution
A is liable as he is responsible for the injury caused by the leakage of ammonia from his premises.
Explanation:
The liability cast on such person who is holding or keeping dangerous article in his home is known, in law, as strict liability, for all the damage which is the natural consequence of its escape in a hazardous or inherently dangerous activity and harm is caused on anyone on account of the escape of such dangerous thing, the holder or keeper is strictly and absolutely liable to compensate those who are injured or incurred losses.
Thus in the case presented before us, the answer holds good and A is liable as he is responsible for the injury caused by leakage of ammonia from his premises.
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