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Question
In the Solvay process, can we obtain sodium carbonate directly by treating the solution containing (NH4)2CO3 with sodium chloride? Explain.
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Solution
No. In Solvay process, ammonium hydrogen carbonate is prepared from ammonium carbonate, which then reacts with sodium chloride to form sodium hydrogen carbonate. Due to low solubility of NaHCO3, it gets precipitated and decomposes on heating to give Na2CO3.
We cannot obtain sodium carbonate directly by treating the solution containing (NH4)2CO3 with sodium chloride as both the products formed on reaction, i.e., Na2CO3 and NH4C1 are soluble and the equilibrium will not shift in forward direction.
\[\ce{(NH4)2CO3 + 2NaCl ⇌ Na2CO3 + 2NH4Cl}\]
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