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Question
In an electric circuit carrying current I, a 2 Ω resistor is replaced by an 8 Ω resistor without changing the connected (ideal) battery. Then ______.
Options
current becomes `I/4` and potential difference `V/4`.
current becomes `I/4` and potential difference remains V.
current becomes 4I and potential difference remains V.
current becomes 4I and potential difference `V/4`.
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Solution
In an electric circuit carrying current I, a 2 Ω resistor is replaced by an 8 Ω resistor without changing the connected (ideal) battery. Then `bbunderline("current becomes" I/4 "and potential difference remains V")`.
Explanation:
Since the battery is ideal and unchanged, the potential difference (V) across the circuit remains constant. According to Ohm’s Law (I = V/R), current is inversely proportional to resistance; because the resistance increased four times (from 2 Ω to 8 Ω), the current decreases to 1/4 of its original value.
