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Question
If (x − 2) is a factor of 2x3 − x2 − px − 2, then:
- Find the value of p.
- With the value of p, factorise the above expression completely.
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Solution
i.
Let x – 2 = 0,
x = 2
Let f(x) = 2x3 − x2 − px − 2
∵ x – 2 is a factor of f(x).
∴ f(2) = 0
⇒ 2(2)3 − 22 − p(2) − 2 = 0
⇒ 2(8) − 4 − p(2) − 2 = 0
⇒ 16 − 4 − 2p − 2 = 0
⇒ 10 − 2p = 0
⇒ −2p = −10
⇒ p = `(-2)/(-10)`
⇒ p = 5
ii.
Now, the polynomial will be:
f(x) = 2x3 − x2 − 5x − 2
2x2 + 3x + 1
`x – 2")"overline(2x^3 − x^2 − 5x − 2)`
2x3 − 4x2
− +
3x2 − 5x
3x2 − 6x
− +
x − 2
x − 2
− +
x
2x3 − x2 − 5x − 2 = (x – 2) (2x2 + 3x + 1)
= (x – 2) (2x2 + 2x + x + 1)
= (x – 2) [2x(x + 1) + 1(x + 1)]
= (x – 2) (x + 1) (2x + 1)
