Question

If the potential difference V applied across a conductor is increased to 2V with its temperature kept constant, free electrons in a conductor will ______.

Options

• remain the same.

• become half of its previous value.

• be double of its initial value.

• become zero.

Answer 1

If the potential difference V applied across a conductor is increased to 2V with its temperature kept constant, free electrons in a conductor will be double of its initial value.

Explanation:

According to Ohm's Law, the current I flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference V across it, provided the temperature remains constant. This relationship can be expressed as I = `V/R`, where R is te resistance of the conductor. If the potential difference is increased from V to 2V, the new cirrent I' can be calculated as follows: `I"'" = (2V)/R = 2 * V/R = 2I`. Therefore, the free electrons in the conductor will double their flow rate, which corresponds to option (c). 

Step 1: Recall OHM's Law: `I = V/R`

Step 2: If the potential difference is increased to 2V, then the new current is `I"'" = (2V)/R = 2I`.

Step 3: Since the current is directly related to the flow of free electrons, the free electrons will be double of their initial value.