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Question
Give the reaction of acid with nitrates. State the conditions under which they react.
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Solution
Nitrates do not react with dilute acids. Lead nitrate solution reacts with dilute HCl and H2S04 to produce insoluble lead salts.
\[\ce{Pb(NO3)2 + 2HCl -> PbCl2 + 2HNO3}\]
\[\ce{Pb(NO3)2 + H2SO4 -> PbSO4 + 2HNO3}\]
Nitrates when heated with conc. sulphuric acid produce more volatile nitric acid.
\[\ce{KNO3 + H2SO4 →[below 200°C] KHSO4 + HNO3}\]
\[\ce{2KNO3 + H2SO4 ->[above 200^\circ C] K2SO4 + 2HNO3}\]
Both chlorides and nitrates do not react with dilute acids; they react with concentrated acids.
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