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Question
Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: Benzoic acid and Phenol
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Solution 1
(ii) Distinguish test between Benzoic acid and Phenol:
NaHCO3 Test: When Benzoic acid reacts with NaHCO3, brisk effervescence of CO2 gas evolved.
Phenol does not give this test.
C6H5OH + NaHCO3 → No Reaction.
Solution 2
Benzoic acid and Phenol : Benzoic acid and phenol can be distinguish by FeCl3 tests. Both reacts with FeCl3 to give different colours. Phenol reacts with FeCl3 to give violet coloured precipitate while benzoic acid give buff coloured precipitate.
Solution 3
When treated with sodium bicarbonate, benzoic acid gives brisk effervescence due to evolution of carbon dioxide gas. No reaction takes place when phenol is treated with NaHCO3.
C6H5COOH + NaHCO3 → C6H5COONa + H2O + CO2
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