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Questions
Give one test to distinguish between the following pair of chemicals.
Zinc nitrate solution and calcium nitrate solution
Give a chemical test to distinguish between calcium nitrate solution and zinc nitrate solution.
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Solution 1
Zinc nitrate and calcium nitrate solutions can be distinguished by reaction with ammonium hydroxide. Zinc forms a white gelatinous ppt. In contrast, calcium hydroxide does not precipitate even when excess ammonium hydroxide is present.
\[\ce{Zn(NO3)2 + 2NH4OH -> \underset{White gelatinous ppt.}{Zn(OH)2 v} + 2NH4NO3}\]
Solution 2
Add a small amount of sodium hydroxide solution to each of the solutions, followed by an excess amount. A fine white precipitate is generated with calcium nitrate, which remains insoluble in excess sodium hydroxide. When zinc nitrate dissolves in too much sodium hydroxide, a gelatinous white precipitate is produced.
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