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Question
Give balanced equations for the following reaction:
Action of heat on a mixture of sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid.
Chemical Equations/Structures
Short Answer
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Solution
When sodium chloride (common salt) is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, hydrogen chloride gas is evolved. At lower temperatures (∼200°C), sodium bisulphate is formed.
\[\ce{NaCl + H2SO4 -> NaHSO4 + HCl}\]
At higher temperatures, sodium sulphate is formed along with the liberation of more HCl gas. This reaction is used in the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas.
\[\ce{2NaCl + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2HCl}\]
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