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Question
Explain the mechanism by which unmagnetized iron nails get attracted to a magnet when brought near it.
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Solution
Every atom of an iron nail behaves like a tiny magnet. Due to the random orientations of these tiny magnets, the iron nail does not behave as a magnet.
But when an iron nail is placed near a magnet, then due to induced magnetism, all the atoms (tiny magnets) align themselves in a particular direction. As a result, the end of the iron nail nearer to the magnet acquires the opposite polarity and hence get attracted to the magnet.
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