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Question
Explain the structure of chromosomes with labelled diagram.
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Solution
Structure of chromosome:
- A typical chromosome consists of two chromatids joined together at the centromere also known as primary constriction.
- Primary constriction consists of a disk shape plate called the kinetochore. During cell division, spindle fibers get attached to the kinetochore.
- Apart from primary constriction, a few chromosomes possess an additional one or two constrictions called secondary constriction.
- At secondary constriction I (nucleolar organizer), nucleolus becomes organized during interphase.
- A satellite body (SAT body) is attached at secondary constriction II, in very few chromosomes.
- Each chromatid in turn contains a long, unbranched, slender, highly coiled double-stranded DNA thread, called chromonema, extending through the length of the chromatid.
- The ends of chromosomes (i.e. chromatids) are known as telomeres.
A: Parts of chromosomes
B: Showing secondary constrictions and details
Structure of Chromosome
RELATED QUESTIONS
The component which is in the nuclei of cells and carries the hereditary characteristics is called ______.
Mention the contribution of the scientist given below in the study of chromosome:
Waldeyer
Choose the correct answer:
Thick short chromosomes can be observed at (in mitosis) ___________
Give Reasons for the following
Chromosomes are the carriers of heredity.
Complete the following sentence with appropriate word :
The pairing of homologous chromosomes is called _______.
Write the functional activity of the following structure:
Spindle fibers
Name the following:
The pattern of arrangement of genes along a chromosome.
In humans, the sex chromosome complement is
The thin thread-like structures found in the nucleus of each cell are called ______.
