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Question
Explain metal deficiency defect with examples.
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Solution
Positive metal ions are missing from their original Lattice locations in some crystals. The existence of a cation of the same metal with a higher oxidation state than the missing cation balances the extra negative charge.
For Example: In NiO one Ni2+ ion is missing, creating a vacancy at its Lattice site. The deficiency of two positive charges is made up by the presence of two Ni3+ ions at the other Lattice sites of Ni2+ ions.
Nonstoichiometric Ni0.97O1.0
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