Question

Compare the nature of Judicial review powers of the Indian and American Supreme Courts.

Answer 1

Sr. No.	Aspect	Nature of Judicial review powers	American Supreme Courts
1.	Origin	Judicial review is derived from the Constitution itself (Articles 13, 32, and 226).	Judicial review is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution. It was established by the landmark case Marbury v. Madison (1803).
2.	Judicial Review	Limited to constitutional boundaries and guided by the Basic Structure Doctrine.	Broad and absolute, established in Marbury v. Madison (1803).
3.	Original Jurisdiction	Has original jurisdiction in Centre-State disputes (Article 131).	Very limited original jurisdiction, mostly in disputes between states or involving ambassadors.
4.	Advisory Jurisdiction	Can give advice to the President under Article 143.	No advisory jurisdiction; the court only deals with actual cases and controversies.
5.	Writ Jurisdiction	Can issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights under Articles 32 and 226.	Writs like habeas corpus exist, but there is no express constitutional writ jurisdiction.