Question

(A): The British introduced modern innovations like railways and telegraph in India in the mid-19th century.

(R): The British introduced these innovations to modernise India.

Options

• (R) contradicts (A).

• (R) is the reason for (A).

• (A) is true, but (R) is false.

• (A) and (R) are independent of each other.

Answer 1

(A) is true, but (R) is false.

Explanation:

The British did introduce railways and the telegraph in India in the mid‑19th century (Lord Dalhousie promoted their development), but the primary motive was administrative, military, and economic control to move troops quickly, improve communication for governance, and to facilitate the extraction and transport of raw materials, not chiefly to “modernise India.”