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Answer the following question.
Under what conditions is the phenomenon of total internal reflection of light observed? Obtain the relation between the critical angle of incidence and the refractive index of the medium.
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Answer the following question.
Three lenses of focal length +10 cm, —10 cm and +30 cm are arranged coaxially as in the figure given below. Find the position of the final image formed by the combination.

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Differentiate between amplitude modulated (AM) and frequency modulated (FM) waves by drawing suitable diagrams. Why is FM signal preferred over AM signal?
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The physical quantity having SI unit NC–1m is ______.
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With the help of a ray diagram, obtain the relation between its focal length and radius of curvature.
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Find the Q-value and the kinetic energy of the emitted α-particle in the α-decay of `""_86^220"Rn"`.
Given `"m"(""_88^226"Ra")` = 226.02540 u, `"m"(""_86^222 "Rn")` = 222.01750 u,
`"m"(""_86^220 "Rn")`= 220.01137 u, `"m"(""_84^216 "Po")`= 216.00189 u.
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Electric Potential V at a point in an electrical field is ______.
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Electric potential is potential energy ______.
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Electric potential at a distance r from a point charges q is _________.
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In a system of n point charges electric potential at a point P having a distance ri from the charge qi is ________.
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According to Cartesian sign convention, all distances are measured from the _______.
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Focal length of a mirror is given by ______.
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According to the mirror equation, ______.
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Atomic mass unit (u) is defined as ________ of the mass of the carbon (12C) atom.
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Nuclear species or nuclides are shown by the notation ________ where X is the chemical symbol of the species.
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\[\ce{^197_79Au}\] contains ______.
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The nuclei of isotopes of a given element contain the same number of ______.
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All nuclides with same mass number A are called ______.
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Nuclides with same neutron number N but different atomic number Z are called ______.
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A nucleus of mass number A has a radius R such that ______.
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