Science (English Medium) इयत्ता १२ - CBSE Question Bank Solutions for Physics

What conclusion can you draw from the following observations on a resistor made of alloy manganin?

Choose the correct alternative:

Alloys of metals usually have (greater/less) resistivity than that of their constituent metals.

A long solenoid with 15 turns per cm has a small loop of area 2.0 cm² placed inside the solenoid normal to its axis. If the current carried by the solenoid changes steadily from 2.0 A to 4.0 A in 0.1 s, what is the induced emf in the loop while the current is changing?

A 1.0 m long metallic rod is rotated with an angular frequency of 400 rad s⁻¹ about an axis normal to the rod passing through its one end. The other end of the rod is in contact with a circular metallic ring. A constant and uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T parallel to the axis exists everywhere. Calculate the emf developed between the centre and the ring.

An air-cored solenoid with length 30 cm, area of cross-section 25 cm² and number of turns 500, carries a current of 2.5 A. The current is suddenly switched off in a brief time of 10⁻³ s. How much is the average back emf induced across the ends of the open switch in the circuit? Ignore the variation in magnetic field near the ends of the solenoid.

Two concentric circular coils X and Y of radii 16 cm and 10 cm, respectively, lie in the same vertical plane containing the north to south direction. Coil X has 20 turns and carries a current of 16 A; coil Y has 25 turns and carries a current of 18 A. The sense of the current in X is anticlockwise, and clockwise in Y, for an observer looking at the coils facing west. Give the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field due to the coils at their centre.

What is the focal length of a convex lens of focal length 30 cm in contact with a concave lens of focal length 20 cm? Is the system a converging or a diverging lens? Ignore thickness of the lenses.

(a) At what distance should the lens be held from the figure in order to view the squares distinctly with the maximum possible magnifying power?

(b) What is the magnification in this case?

(c) Is the magnification equal to the magnifying power in this case? Explain.

In a Young’s double-slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.28 mm and the screen is placed 1.4 m away. The distance between the central bright fringe and the fourth bright fringe is measured to be 1.2 cm. Determine the wavelength of light used in the experiment.

A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, is used to obtain interference fringes in a Young’s double-slit experiment.

Find the distance of the third bright fringe on the screen from the central maximum for wavelength 650 nm.

A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, is used to obtain interference fringes in a Young’s double-slit experiment.

What is the least distance from the central maximum where the bright fringes due to both the wavelengths coincide?

In a double-slit experiment the angular width of a fringe is found to be 0.2° on a screen placed 1 m away. The wavelength of light used is 600 nm. What will be the angular width of the fringe if the entire experimental apparatus is immersed in water? Take refractive index of water to be 4/3.

In an experiment on the photoelectric effect, the slope of the cut-off voltage versus the frequency of incident light is found to be 4.12 × 10⁻¹⁵ Vs. Calculate the value of Planck’s constant.

The work function for a certain metal is 4.2 eV. Will this metal give photoelectric emission for incident radiation of wavelength 330 nm?

Light of wavelength 488 nm is produced by an argon laser which is used in the photoelectric effect. When light from this spectral line is incident on the emitter, the stopping (cut-off) potential of photoelectrons is 0.38 V. Find the work function of the material from which the emitter is made.

In an accelerator experiment on high-energy collisions of electrons with positrons, a certain event is interpreted as annihilation of an electron-positron pair of total energy 10.2 BeV into two γ-rays of equal energy. What is the wavelength associated with each γ-ray? (1BeV = 10⁹ eV)

Obtain an expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when a hydrogen atom de-excites from level n to level (n − 1). For large n, show that this frequency equals the classical frequency of revolution of the electron in the orbit.

For the `beta^+` (positron) emission from a nucleus, there is another competing process known as electron capture (electron from an inner orbit, say, the K−shell, is captured by the nucleus and a neutrino is emitted).

\[\ce{e+ + ^A_Z X -> ^A_{Z - 1}Y + \text{v}}\]

Show that if `beta^+` emission is energetically allowed, electron capture is necessarily allowed but not vice−versa.

Consider the D−T reaction (deuterium−tritium fusion)

\[\ce{^2_1H + ^3_1H -> ^4_2He + n}\]

Calculate the energy released in MeV in this reaction from the data:

`"m"(""_1^2"H")`= 2.014102 u

`"m"(""_1^3"H")`= 3.016049 u

Consider the D−T reaction (deuterium−tritium fusion)

\[\ce{^2_1H + ^3_1H -> ^4_2He}\]

Consider the radius of both deuterium and tritium to be approximately 2.0 fm. What is the kinetic energy needed to overcome the coulomb repulsion between the two nuclei? To what temperature must the gas be heated to initiate the reaction? (Hint: Kinetic energy required for one fusion event =average thermal kinetic energy available with the interacting particles = 2(3kT/2); k = Boltzman’s constant, T = absolute temperature.)